A PAPER BY SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA ON THE TOPIC: ‘THE AFRICAN UNION AND THE AFRICAN YOUTH CHARTER’ PRESENTED AT A SUMMIT ORGANISED BY THE ALL AFRICA STUDENTS UNION IN ACCRA ON THE THEME: ‘THE AFRICAN YOUTH CHARTER AND THE NKRUMAH AGENDA’ ON SEPTEMBER 19, 2009 AT THE ACCRA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTRE.
THE AFRICAN UNION AND THE AFRICAN YOUTH CHARTER: Beyond Banjul; Issues in implementing the African Youth Charter
Mr Chairman,
Comrades from the fraternity of Students’ Governance,
Ladies and gentlemen,
I have been humbled by the invitation extended to me by this noble organization to deliver a paper on the African Youth Charter. I was initially billed to deliver a paper at a youth summit at a later date at a place away from my homeland, Ghana. And I had just received a communication referring to the postponement of that summit when yours came my way last Wednesday.
As the topics are mutually exclusive I had the challenge of preparing this in a matter of hours and I must say I was deeply consumed in that. This presentation is therefore just the work of a couple of days. Normally I give my write-ups some time to ‘mature’ since some of the issues and wordings may need refinement.
In the communication I received from this union, I was made to understand that I will be sharing the same platform as the Minister for Youth and Sports. Therefore many of the issues I touched on were aimed at soliciting specific responses from him.
Introduction
In July 2006, at the 7th ordinary AU summit held in Banjul, the Gambia, which in itself was held two months after the first ordinary session of the Conference of Ministers in charge of Youth in the African Union (COMY), the Assembly of Heads of State and Government endorsed the African Youth Charter and declared the year 2008 as the year of the African youth and November 1 every year as African Youth Day. And this is just a year before the World Programme of Action for Youth (WPAY) was revised from ten (10) thematic areas to fifteen (15) thematic areas.
The African Youth Charter was informed first of all by the call from member states for the development of a charter at their summit in Algiers in 1999. This was strengthened by the strategic plan of the Commission of the African Union (2004-2007), which had six key objectives viz.: to make the African Union Commission stronger and more responsive; to formulate a shared vision on Africa’s future (especially the youth); to promote and defend Africa’s positions in matters of interest to the continent and its people; to contribute to Africa’s cultural radiance; to enhance international and regional cooperation; and to promote a new citizenship anchored on Africa’s basic values, and on performance initiatives, and promote strong and integrated economies in Africa.
It is important to note here that the African Union Commission has recently been upgraded at an AU meeting in Sirte, Libya and is now known as the African Union Authority. It is the body charged with the implementation of the African Youth Charter.
Perhaps the most important determining factor for the development of the Charter was the status of the African Youth Report 2005 which showed that the ‘youth bulge’ in African populations could be a significant opportunity for Africa to make real progress. And this would require a deliberate effort and investment in youth development across the continent.
This presentation is intended to highlight what needs to be done by the member states (also called State Parties) to ensure that the Charter is taken into account in national development planning as it affects young people, and to ensure that it is implemented at national level through different mechanisms and existing national development frameworks.
The Charter
The African Youth Charter is a basic legal framework to guide and support policies, programmes and actions for youth development and empowerment across Africa. The Charter addresses the rights and freedoms, as well as the welfare, development and responsibilities of the youth.
Articles 2 to 9 of the Charter commits state parties to guarantee the rights of young people to own property, move freely, express themselves, associate freely with other members of the society and to practice whatever religion they choose. It further addresses the issues related to youth development, youth participation in decision making, youth policy (documents), education, health care, poverty reduction, employment, security, leisure and recreation, environment, culture, youth with disabilities, girls’ issues, youth in the diaspora and law enforcement in Articles 10 to 25.
It highlights the responsibilities of the youth regarding their own development and that of society in Article 26.
The Charter defines youth as any individual between the ages of 15 and 35. While this puts to rest the issue of a clear definition for youth on the continent, it also raises another very critical issue regarding personal growth and development. Youth is a transition period, and youth development programmes are put in place to support young people through this transition period. Given that life expectancy is significantly low for many countries. With the current life expectancy of 50.5 years for the continent, and as low as 42 in Sierra Leone, some wonder why we should define being young up to the age of 35? And pose the following questions: ‘When does the individual grow up?’
‘At what age do they then contribute to national development efforts?’
‘At what age do they then become productive and take responsibility for their own wellbeing?’
However, given that the responsibilities of the youth is defined in the Charter, it provides an opportunity for 15 to 35 year olds to take responsibility for their own development and those of their societies, and hopefully quicken the pace for the total emancipation of the African continent.
The Charter came into force on 8 August 2009, following the receipt of the 15th ratification on 8 July 2009. To date, 16 countries have ratified the Charter with Rwanda being the first and Nigeria being the most recent.
Other countries that have ratified the Charter are: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
Gabon, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Libya, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, South Africa, Togo and Uganda; 32 countries have also signed the Charter. And your host country, Ghana though is a signatory, is yet to ratify the Charter.
Information has it that Angola and Zimbabwe have both ratified the Charter. These are yet to be communicated to the AU Commission – the body responsible for implementing the Charter within the structures of the AU. What remains is to put in place the relevant mechanisms and structures to ensure that the Charter is implemented.
Implementation of the Charter
At a meeting of 11 pilot countries to advance the popularisation, ratification and
implementation of the Charter held in May 2009, African Union member states outlined certain conditions under which the Charter can be implemented. These include that all member states should: ratify the Charter by the end of the year 2010; have in place national youth policies and action plans that take into account and support the implementation of the Charter (this also applies to countries whose national youth policies are not in compliance with the Youth Charter); have mechanisms for reporting on progress made with the implementation of youth policies and programmes; and strengthen their respective representative bodies for youth.
Thus the Charter provides the basis for greater coordination by sectoral ministries responsible for youth (for example ministries of youth, employment and education among others), while providing the youth with a tool for advocacy and demand for greater accountability of government work.
The first step towards the implementation of the Charter is to put in place the relevant
frameworks and institutions that are needed to advance the status of youth in each member state.
These include: the institution of a government ministry or department responsible for youth affairs, the institution of a national youth coordinating body (council or federation or association as the case may be), the development of relevant national youth development frameworks, and the allocation of adequate budgetary resources for youth development.
Whilst Ghana has a Youth Ministry and a Youth Council, one can not best tell about the status of the country with respect to a National Youth Development framework. With respect to adequate budgetary support, it may be noted that concerns have been raised about the substitution of youth development budgets for sports. This in itself may not inure to the best interests of the youth since sports at best solves two of the main issues of youth development, that is, leisure and recreation for many and employment for some.
Another key step in the implementation of the Charter is the need to complement efforts made through the creation of focal points within the diverse line ministries affected by the provisions of the Charter, in order to facilitate coordination across sectors.
To enhance planning, the Charter should serve the basis to align national data-collection systems of persons within the age bracket of 15 to 35 across member states. And this data collection should be an ongoing process.
There has been some seeming confusion about how to implement the Charter. Some countries have proposed to develop separate implementation frameworks for the Charter, while others have indicated that the provisions of the Charter have been integrated into their respective national youth policies. However, the presentation by South Africa’s National Youth Commission points in the right direction:
More significantly, the Charter must be implemented within the framework of existing policies at the national level, especially the National Youth Policy.
Other policies to be adapted include the constitution as well as national policy frameworks on human rights, health, education, employment and various others as set out between Articles 2 and 25. Ghana has done considerably well with respect to some of these indicators. For instance the decision to abolish the shift system, introduce the capitation grant and the school feeding programme in basic schools are most commendable. The country may not fair well in its ‘calypso dance’ with second cycle education as has been observed by many. And I have commented extensively on the employment situation in a write-up I did last month on the occasion of the International Youth Day.
Experts say if the implementation of the Charter is integrated into other national policies, countries will incur little or no extra budgetary costs. Statutory budgetary allocations in the different sectors are often intended to provide services to the entire population. However, in implementing the provisions of the Youth Charter, each sector must keep in mind the need to create specific services for young people between the ages of 15 and 35 within that sector.
For instance Health services must take into account the need for this age bracket to access tailor-made reproductive health services.
Ensuring that services are tailor-made require that the regular trainings that are received by service personnel, that is training programmes meant for the staff of the applicable institution, take into account training for these youth-specific issues without creating new programmes.
In terms of education and skills development training, they are mainly targeted at the youth. However, more needs to be done to ensure that the curriculum meets market demands. And these can be done within the broad framework of education sector reforms.
One critical question that has been repeated several times is: is the African Youth Charter the solution to Africa’s youth development problems? The answer is both yes and no. The answer is yes because at the very minimum the Charter provides the basis for young people to advocate for their rights and it will serve as the guiding framework for youth development. Broadly, the Charter will also serve the means to guide long term planning on youth development. It is no for some reasons and one of it is that one is yet to sight a provision of the Charter that talks about Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Nonetheless it is a bold and assertive document for developing the youth of Africa
You may recall that the years 2009 to 2018 have been declared as the decade on youth development in Africa already. It is expected that this will assist many member states to think long term in their youth development planning. Many member states have national planning horizons set quite far in the future. For example, Botswana have theirs spanning up to 2016, Nigeria, Rwanda and Malawi all have it set up-to 2020, and up to 2030 for Zambia. Thus the Charter will assist these countries to integrate youth issues within their long-term national development frameworks.
A plan of action for the years 2009 to 2018 is also being developed by the AU Commission, which is actually the implementation and monitoring body for the African Youth Charter within the structures of the AU, as a means to advance the implementation of the Youth Charter over the next decade. This will significantly provide further guidance to the work of member states.
The African Youth Charter guarantees the participation of young people in parliament. This commits member states to guarantee a number of seats for youth using a quota system. This is already operational in some countries. And here Uganda and Rwanda are good examples.
Affirmative action must be implemented at national level regarding youth participation, and this must be done in a structured way, as part of national development policy. Increasingly, young people are taking leadership on their own terms and leading the change processes in their countries. They should be given a chance to participate.
In Ghana we have only mentioned a National Youth Parliament, not even the quota system, and it is yet to receive any favourable attention since we had a mock Parliament in February 2007. I have just been informed that the Parliament of Ghana gathered some students from institutions in Accra last Tuesday on the issue of conflict resolution. It is obvious that more ought to be done to accelerate the pace of youth development.
Affirmative action should also target the labour market. Unemployment rates in Africa are significantly high. This is a direct result of weak education systems, and is a direct cause of poverty, which drives many social and health problems. Because of this connection between employment and education, education systems must be shaped to meet market demands and not just education for the sake of literacy and numeracy.
Opportunities must also be provided to the young people to develop skills while at school in order to enable them get jobs immediately they leave school.
This can be done by adopting and implementing affirmative action, regarding employment policies.
Education must be made accessible to our young people, and efforts to provide loans, grants and the like must be expanded. For those who bother to know, you may find my write-up on student loans published in the Daily Graphic in the last quarter of 2005 useful. I am considering publishing it on my blog for your easy access.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.blogspot.com
http://i-mediate.blogspot.com
http://raafani.blogspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
African Union and the Afican Youth Charter
Translated into French by: Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
A PAPER BY SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA ON THE TOPIC: ‘THE AFRICAN UNION AND THE AFRICAN YOUTH CHARTER’ PRESENTED AT A SUMMIT ORGANISED BY THE ALL AFRICA STUDENTS UNION IN ACCRA ON THE THEME: ‘THE AFRICAN YOUTH CHARTER AND THE NKRUMAH AGENDA’ ON SEPTEMBER 19, 2009 AT THE ACCRA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTRE.
THE AFRICAN UNION AND THE AFRICAN YOUTH CHARTER: Beyond Banjul; Issues in implementing the African Youth Charter
Mr Chairman,
Comrades from the fraternity of Students’ Governance,
Ladies and gentlemen,
I have been humbled by the invitation extended to me by this noble organization to deliver a paper on the African Youth Charter. I was initially billed to deliver a paper at a youth summit at a later date at a place away from my homeland, Ghana. And I had just received a communication referring to the postponement of that summit when yours came my way last Wednesday.
As the topics are mutually exclusive I had the challenge of preparing this in a matter of hours and I must say I was deeply consumed in that. This presentation is therefore just the work of a couple of days. Normally I give my write-ups some time to ‘mature’ since some of the issues and wordings may need refinement.
In the communication I received from this union, I was made to understand that I will be sharing the same platform as the Minister for Youth and Sports. Therefore many of the issues I touched on were aimed at soliciting specific responses from him.
Introduction
In July 2006, at the 7th ordinary AU summit held in Banjul, the Gambia, which in itself was held two months after the first ordinary session of the Conference of Ministers in charge of Youth in the African Union (COMY), the Assembly of Heads of State and Government endorsed the African Youth Charter and declared the year 2008 as the year of the African youth and November 1 every year as African Youth Day. And this is just a year before the World Programme of Action for Youth (WPAY) was revised from ten (10) thematic areas to fifteen (15) thematic areas.
The African Youth Charter was informed first of all by the call from member states for the development of a charter at their summit in Algiers in 1999. This was strengthened by the strategic plan of the Commission of the African Union (2004-2007), which had six key objectives viz.: to make the African Union Commission stronger and more responsive; to formulate a shared vision on Africa’s future (especially the youth); to promote and defend Africa’s positions in matters of interest to the continent and its people; to contribute to Africa’s cultural radiance; to enhance international and regional cooperation; and to promote a new citizenship anchored on Africa’s basic values, and on performance initiatives, and promote strong and integrated economies in Africa.
It is important to note here that the African Union Commission has recently been upgraded at an AU meeting in Sirte, Libya and is now known as the African Union Authority. It is the body charged with the implementation of the African Youth Charter.
Perhaps the most important determining factor for the development of the Charter was the status of the African Youth Report 2005 which showed that the ‘youth bulge’ in African populations could be a significant opportunity for Africa to make real progress. And this would require a deliberate effort and investment in youth development across the continent.
This presentation is intended to highlight what needs to be done by the member states (also called State Parties) to ensure that the Charter is taken into account in national development planning as it affects young people, and to ensure that it is implemented at national level through different mechanisms and existing national development frameworks.
The Charter
The African Youth Charter is a basic legal framework to guide and support policies, programmes and actions for youth development and empowerment across Africa. The Charter addresses the rights and freedoms, as well as the welfare, development and responsibilities of the youth.
Articles 2 to 9 of the Charter commits state parties to guarantee the rights of young people to own property, move freely, express themselves, associate freely with other members of the society and to practice whatever religion they choose. It further addresses the issues related to youth development, youth participation in decision making, youth policy (documents), education, health care, poverty reduction, employment, security, leisure and recreation, environment, culture, youth with disabilities, girls’ issues, youth in the diaspora and law enforcement in Articles 10 to 25.
It highlights the responsibilities of the youth regarding their own development and that of society in Article 26.
The Charter defines youth as any individual between the ages of 15 and 35. While this puts to rest the issue of a clear definition for youth on the continent, it also raises another very critical issue regarding personal growth and development. Youth is a transition period, and youth development programmes are put in place to support young people through this transition period. Given that life expectancy is significantly low for many countries. With the current life expectancy of 50.5 years for the continent, and as low as 42 in Sierra Leone, some wonder why we should define being young up to the age of 35? And pose the following questions: ‘When does the individual grow up?’
‘At what age do they then contribute to national development efforts?’
‘At what age do they then become productive and take responsibility for their own wellbeing?’
However, given that the responsibilities of the youth is defined in the Charter, it provides an opportunity for 15 to 35 year olds to take responsibility for their own development and those of their societies, and hopefully quicken the pace for the total emancipation of the African continent.
The Charter came into force on 8 August 2009, following the receipt of the 15th ratification on 8 July 2009. To date, 16 countries have ratified the Charter with Rwanda being the first and Nigeria being the most recent.
Other countries that have ratified the Charter are: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
Gabon, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Libya, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, South Africa, Togo and Uganda; 32 countries have also signed the Charter. And your host country, Ghana though is a signatory, is yet to ratify the Charter.
Information has it that Angola and Zimbabwe have both ratified the Charter. These are yet to be communicated to the AU Commission – the body responsible for implementing the Charter within the structures of the AU. What remains is to put in place the relevant mechanisms and structures to ensure that the Charter is implemented.
Implementation of the Charter
At a meeting of 11 pilot countries to advance the popularisation, ratification and
implementation of the Charter held in May 2009, African Union member states outlined certain conditions under which the Charter can be implemented. These include that all member states should: ratify the Charter by the end of the year 2010; have in place national youth policies and action plans that take into account and support the implementation of the Charter (this also applies to countries whose national youth policies are not in compliance with the Youth Charter); have mechanisms for reporting on progress made with the implementation of youth policies and programmes; and strengthen their respective representative bodies for youth.
Thus the Charter provides the basis for greater coordination by sectoral ministries responsible for youth (for example ministries of youth, employment and education among others), while providing the youth with a tool for advocacy and demand for greater accountability of government work.
The first step towards the implementation of the Charter is to put in place the relevant
frameworks and institutions that are needed to advance the status of youth in each member state.
These include: the institution of a government ministry or department responsible for youth affairs, the institution of a national youth coordinating body (council or federation or association as the case may be), the development of relevant national youth development frameworks, and the allocation of adequate budgetary resources for youth development.
Whilst Ghana has a Youth Ministry and a Youth Council, one can not best tell about the status of the country with respect to a National Youth Development framework. With respect to adequate budgetary support, it may be noted that concerns have been raised about the substitution of youth development budgets for sports. This in itself may not inure to the best interests of the youth since sports at best solves two of the main issues of youth development, that is, leisure and recreation for many and employment for some.
Another key step in the implementation of the Charter is the need to complement efforts made through the creation of focal points within the diverse line ministries affected by the provisions of the Charter, in order to facilitate coordination across sectors.
To enhance planning, the Charter should serve the basis to align national data-collection systems of persons within the age bracket of 15 to 35 across member states. And this data collection should be an ongoing process.
There has been some seeming confusion about how to implement the Charter. Some countries have proposed to develop separate implementation frameworks for the Charter, while others have indicated that the provisions of the Charter have been integrated into their respective national youth policies. However, the presentation by South Africa’s National Youth Commission points in the right direction:
More significantly, the Charter must be implemented within the framework of existing policies at the national level, especially the National Youth Policy.
Other policies to be adapted include the constitution as well as national policy frameworks on human rights, health, education, employment and various others as set out between Articles 2 and 25. Ghana has done considerably well with respect to some of these indicators. For instance the decision to abolish the shift system, introduce the capitation grant and the school feeding programme in basic schools are most commendable. The country may not fair well in its ‘calypso dance’ with second cycle education as has been observed by many. And I have commented extensively on the employment situation in a write-up I did last month on the occasion of the International Youth Day.
Experts say if the implementation of the Charter is integrated into other national policies, countries will incur little or no extra budgetary costs. Statutory budgetary allocations in the different sectors are often intended to provide services to the entire population. However, in implementing the provisions of the Youth Charter, each sector must keep in mind the need to create specific services for young people between the ages of 15 and 35 within that sector.
For instance Health services must take into account the need for this age bracket to access tailor-made reproductive health services.
Ensuring that services are tailor-made require that the regular trainings that are received by service personnel, that is training programmes meant for the staff of the applicable institution, take into account training for these youth-specific issues without creating new programmes.
In terms of education and skills development training, they are mainly targeted at the youth. However, more needs to be done to ensure that the curriculum meets market demands. And these can be done within the broad framework of education sector reforms.
One critical question that has been repeated several times is: is the African Youth Charter the solution to Africa’s youth development problems? The answer is both yes and no. The answer is yes because at the very minimum the Charter provides the basis for young people to advocate for their rights and it will serve as the guiding framework for youth development. Broadly, the Charter will also serve the means to guide long term planning on youth development. It is no for some reasons and one of it is that one is yet to sight a provision of the Charter that talks about Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Nonetheless it is a bold and assertive document for developing the youth of Africa
You may recall that the years 2009 to 2018 have been declared as the decade on youth development in Africa already. It is expected that this will assist many member states to think long term in their youth development planning. Many member states have national planning horizons set quite far in the future. For example, Botswana have theirs spanning up to 2016, Nigeria, Rwanda and Malawi all have it set up-to 2020, and up to 2030 for Zambia. Thus the Charter will assist these countries to integrate youth issues within their long-term national development frameworks.
A plan of action for the years 2009 to 2018 is also being developed by the AU Commission, which is actually the implementation and monitoring body for the African Youth Charter within the structures of the AU, as a means to advance the implementation of the Youth Charter over the next decade. This will significantly provide further guidance to the work of member states.
The African Youth Charter guarantees the participation of young people in parliament. This commits member states to guarantee a number of seats for youth using a quota system. This is already operational in some countries. And here Uganda and Rwanda are good examples.
Affirmative action must be implemented at national level regarding youth participation, and this must be done in a structured way, as part of national development policy. Increasingly, young people are taking leadership on their own terms and leading the change processes in their countries. They should be given a chance to participate.
In Ghana we have only mentioned a National Youth Parliament, not even the quota system, and it is yet to receive any favourable attention since we had a mock Parliament in February 2007. I have just been informed that the Parliament of Ghana gathered some students from institutions in Accra last Tuesday on the issue of conflict resolution. It is obvious that more ought to be done to accelerate the pace of youth development.
Affirmative action should also target the labour market. Unemployment rates in Africa are significantly high. This is a direct result of weak education systems, and is a direct cause of poverty, which drives many social and health problems. Because of this connection between employment and education, education systems must be shaped to meet market demands and not just education for the sake of literacy and numeracy.
Opportunities must also be provided to the young people to develop skills while at school in order to enable them get jobs immediately they leave school.
This can be done by adopting and implementing affirmative action, regarding employment policies.
Education must be made accessible to our young people, and efforts to provide loans, grants and the like must be expanded. For those who bother to know, you may find my write-up on student loans published in the Daily Graphic in the last quarter of 2005 useful. I am considering publishing it on my blog for your easy access.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from on of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
Unión africana y la carta de la juventud de Afican
Automatically translated into Spanish thanks to WorldLingo
UN PAPEL POR SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA EN EL ASUNTO: `LA UNIÓN AFRICANA Y LA CARTA AFRICANA DE LA JUVENTUD' PRESENTADAS EN UNA CUMBRE ORGANIZADA POR TODA LA UNIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DE ÁFRICA EN ACCRA EN EL TEMA: `LA CARTA AFRICANA DE LA JUVENTUD Y LA AGENDA DE NKRUMAH' EL 19 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 2009 EN EL CENTRO DE CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL DE ACCRA.
LA UNIÓN AFRICANA Y LA CARTA AFRICANA DE LA JUVENTUD: Más allá de Banjul; Las ediciones en poner al Sr. africano presidente
, camaradas
de la fraternidad gobierno de los estudiantes', señoras y
caballeros de la carta en ejecución de la juventud,
la invitación me he humillado extendida a mí por esta organización noble para entregar un documento sobre la carta africana de la juventud. Me mandaron la cuenta inicialmente para entregar un papel en una cumbre de la juventud más adelante en un lugar lejos de mi patria, Ghana. Y acababa de recibir una comunicación que refería al aplazamiento de esa cumbre cuando vino el suyo mi manera el miércoles pasado.
Pues los asuntos son mutuamente exclusiva que tenía el desafío de preparar esto en una cuestión de horas y debo decir que me consumieron profundamente en ése. Esta presentación es por lo tanto apenas el trabajo de un par de días. Normalmente doy a mis relatos una cierta hora al `maduro' puesto que algunos de las ediciones y de los wordings pueden necesitar el refinamiento.
En la comunicación recibí de esta unión, me hicieron para entender que compartiré la misma plataforma que el ministro para la juventud y los deportes. Por lo tanto muchas de las ediciones que toqué encendido fueron dirigidas que solicitaban respuestas específicas de él.
La introducción
en julio de 2006, en la 7ma cumbre ordinaria sostenida en Banjul, la Gambia, que del AU en sí mismo fue sostenida dos meses después de la primera sesión ordinaria de la conferencia de ministros a cargo de la juventud en la unión africana (COMY), la asamblea de jefes de estado y gobierno endosó la carta africana de la juventud y declaró el año 2008 como el año de la juventud y del 1 de noviembre africanos cada año como día africano de la juventud. Y esto es justo un año antes de que el programa del mundo de la acción para la juventud (WPAY) fuera revisado a partir de diez (10) áreas temáticas a quince (15) áreas temáticas.
La carta africana de la juventud fue informada primero todos por la llamada de los Estados miembro para el desarrollo de una carta en su cumbre en Argel en 1999. Esto fue consolidada por el plan estratégico de la Comisión de la unión africana (2004-2007), que tenía seis objetivos dominantes viz: para hacer la Comisión africana de la unión más fuerte y más responsiva; para formular una visión compartida el el futuro de África (especialmente la juventud); para promover y defender las posiciones de África en materias del interés al continente y a su gente; para contribuir a la radiación cultural de África; para realzar la cooperación internacional y regional; y para promover una nueva ciudadanía anclada en los valores básicos de África, y en iniciativas del funcionamiento, y promover economías fuertes e integradas en África.
Es importante observar aquí que la Comisión africana de la unión se ha aumentado recientemente en una reunión del AU en Sirte, Libia y ahora se conoce como la autoridad africana de la unión. Es el cuerpo cargado con la puesta en práctica de la carta africana de la juventud.
Quizás el factor de determinación más importante para el desarrollo de la carta era el estado del informe africano 2005 de la juventud que demostró que el bombeo de la juventud del `' en poblaciones africanas podría ser una oportunidad significativa para que África haga progreso verdadero. Y esto requeriría un esfuerzo y una inversión deliberados en el desarrollo de la juventud a través del continente.
Esta presentación se piensa para destacar qué necesidades de ser hecho por los Estados miembro (también llamados State Parties) para asegurarse de que la carta considerado en el planeamiento del desarrollo nacional mientras que afecta a gente joven, y para asegurarse de que está puesta en ejecución en el nivel nacional a través de diversos mecanismos y de armazones existentes del desarrollo nacional.
La carta
la carta africana de la juventud es un marco jurídico básico para dirigir y para apoyar políticas, programas y las acciones para el desarrollo y el empowerment de la juventud a través de África. La carta trata las derechas y los freedoms, así como el bienestar, el desarrollo y las responsabilidades de la juventud.
Los artículos 2 a 9 de la carta confían partidos del estado para garantizar las derechas de la gente joven a propia característica, se mueven libremente, se expresan, a asociado libremente con otros miembros de la sociedad y para practicar cualquier religión eligen. Trata más lejos las ediciones relacionadas con el desarrollo de la juventud, participación de la juventud en la toma de decisión, política de juventud (documentos), educación, cuidado médico, reducción de la pobreza, empleo, seguridad, ocio y reconstrucción, ambiente, cultura, juventud con inhabilidades, ediciones de las muchachas las', juventud en el diaspora y aplicación de ley en los artículos 10 a 25.
Destaca las responsabilidades de la juventud con respecto a su propio desarrollo y de la de la sociedad en el artículo 26.
La carta define la juventud como individuo entre las edades de 15 y 35. Mientras que esto pone para reclinar la aplicación una definición clara para la juventud en el continente, también plantea otra edición muy crítica con respecto crecimiento y al desarrollo personales. La juventud es un período de transición, y los programas de desarrollo de la juventud se ponen en lugar para apoyar a gente joven con este período de transición. Dado que la esperanza de vida es perceptiblemente baja para muchos países. ¿Con la esperanza de vida actual de 50.5 años para el continente, y tan bajo como 42 en Sierra Leona, una cierta maravilla porqué debemos definir ser jóvenes hasta la edad de 35? Y plantee las preguntas siguientes: El `cuando hace a individuo crece para arriba?'
`En qué edad ellos entonces contribuye a los esfuerzos del desarrollo nacional?'
¿El `en lo hace qué edad ellos entonces se convierten en responsabilidad productiva y de la toma de su propio bienestar? '
Sin embargo, dado que las responsabilidades de la juventud están definidas en la carta, proporciona una oportunidad por 15 a 35 años - olds a la responsabilidad de la toma de su propio desarrollo y ésos de sus sociedades, y esperanzadamente acelera el paso para la emancipación total del continente africano.
La carta entró en la fuerza el 8 de agosto de 2009, siguiendo el recibo de la décimo quinta ratificación el 8 de julio de 2009. Hasta la fecha, 16 países han ratificado la carta con Rwanda que era los primeros y el Nigeria que eran los más recientes.
Otros países que han ratificado la carta son: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
Gabón, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Libia, Malí, Isla Mauricio, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Suráfrica, Togo y Uganda; 32 países también han firmado la carta. Y su país de anfitrión, Ghana es sin embargo signatario, es todavía ratificar la carta.
La información lo tiene que Angola y Zimbabwe ambas han ratificado la carta. Éstos deben todavía ser comunicados a la Comisión del AU - el cuerpo responsable de poner la carta en ejecución dentro de las estructuras del AU. Qué permanece es poner en lugar los mecanismos y las estructuras relevantes para asegurarse de que la carta está puesta en ejecución.
La puesta en práctica de la carta
en una reunión de 11 países experimentales para avanzar la popularización, la ratificación y
la puesta en práctica de la carta llevada a cabo en mayo de 2009, los Estados miembro africanos de la unión contorneó ciertas condiciones bajo las cuales la carta puede ser puesta en ejecución. Éstos incluyen que deben todos los Estados miembro: ratifique la carta antes de fin de año 2010; tenga en las políticas de juventud del lugar y los planes de acción nacionales que consideran y apoyan la puesta en práctica de la carta (éste también se aplica a los países que políticas de juventud nacionales no están de acuerdo con la carta de la juventud); tenga mecanismos para divulgar sobre el progreso hecho con la puesta en práctica de las políticas y de los programas de juventud; y consolide sus cuerpos representativos respectivos para la juventud.
Así la carta proporciona la base para la mayor coordinación por los ministerios sectoriales responsables de la juventud (por ejemplo los ministerios de la juventud, del empleo y de la educación entre otras), mientras que provee de la juventud una herramienta para la defensa y la demanda para la mayor responsabilidad del trabajo del gobierno.
El primer paso hacia la puesta en práctica de la carta es poner en lugar a los armazones
y a las instituciones relevantes que son necesarios avanzar el estado de la juventud en cada Estado miembro.
Éstos incluyen: la institución de un ministerio o un departamento del gobierno responsable de los asuntos de la juventud, la institución de un cuerpo coordinating de la juventud nacional (consejo o federación o asociación de acuerdo con las circunstancias), el desarrollo de los armazones nacionales relevantes del desarrollo de la juventud, y la asignación de los recursos presupuestarios adecuados para el desarrollo de la juventud.
Mientras que Ghana tiene un ministerio de la juventud y un consejo de la juventud, uno no puede hablar lo más mejor posible del estado del país con respecto a un marco nacional del desarrollo de la juventud. Con respecto a ayuda presupuestaria adecuada, puede ser observado que las preocupaciones se han levantado por la substitución de los presupuestos del desarrollo de la juventud por deportes. Esto en sí mismo no puede inure a los mejores intereses de la juventud puesto que los deportes en el mejor de los casos solucionan dos de los puntos principales del desarrollo, es decir, del ocio y de la reconstrucción para muchos y del empleo de la juventud para alguno.
Otro paso dominante en la puesta en práctica de la carta es la necesidad de complementar los esfuerzos hechos a través de la creación de puntos focales dentro de la línea diversa los ministerios afectados por las provisiones de la carta, para facilitar la coordinación a través de sectores.
Para realzar el planeamiento, la carta debe servir la base para alinear sistemas de recogida de datos nacionales de personas dentro de la categoría de edad de 15 a 35 a través de los Estados miembro. Y esta colección de datos debe ser un proceso en curso.
Ha habido una cierta confusión que se parecía sobre cómo poner la carta en ejecución. Algunos países han propuesto desarrollar los armazones separados de la puesta en práctica para la carta, mientras que otros han indicado que las provisiones de la carta se han integrado en sus políticas de juventud nacionales respectivas. Sin embargo, la presentación por la Comisión nacional de la juventud de Suráfrica señala en la dirección correcta:
Más perceptiblemente, la carta se debe poner en ejecución en el marco de políticas existentes en el nivel nacional, especialmente la política de juventud nacional.
Otras políticas que se adaptarán incluyen la constitución así como armazones nacionales de la política en derechos humanos, salud, la educación, el empleo y varios otros según lo precisado entre los artículos 2 y 25. Ghana ha hecho considerablemente bien con respecto a algunos de estos indicadores. Por ejemplo la decisión para suprimir el sistema de cambio, introduce la concesión del capitation y el programa de alimentación de la escuela en escuelas básicas es el más recomendable. El país no puede favorablemente bien en su danza del calypso del `' con la segunda educación del ciclo como ha sido observado por muchos. Y he comentado extensivamente respecto a la situación de empleo en un relato que hice el mes pasado en ocasión del día internacional de la juventud.
Los expertos dicen si la puesta en práctica de la carta se integra en otras políticas nacionales, los países incurrirán en poco o nada de costes presupuestarios adicionales. Las asignaciones presupuestarias estatutarias en los diversos sectores se piensan a menudo para proporcionar servicios a la población entera. Sin embargo, en poner las provisiones en ejecución de la carta de la juventud, cada sector debe tener presente la necesidad de crear los servicios específicos para la gente joven entre las edades de 15 y 35 dentro de ese sector.
Por ejemplo los servicios médicos deben considerar la necesidad de esta categoría de edad de tener acceso a servicios médicos reproductivos específicos.
Asegurándose de que los servicios sean específicos requiera que los entrenamientos regulares que son recibidos por el personal de servicio, de que sean los programas de entrenamiento significados para el personal de la institución aplicable, consideran el entrenamiento para estas ediciones juventud-específicas sin crear nuevos programas.
En términos de entrenamiento de la educación y del desarrollo de las habilidades, se apuntan principalmente en la juventud. Sin embargo, más necesita ser hecha para asegurarse de que el plan de estudios resuelve demandas del mercado. Y éstos se pueden hacer dentro del amplio marco de las reformas del sector de la educación.
Una pregunta crítica que se ha repetido varias veces es: ¿es la carta africana de la juventud la solución a los problemas del desarrollo de la juventud de África? Respuesta es ambas sí y no. La respuesta está sí porque como mínimo la carta proporciona la base para la gente joven al abogado para las sus derechas y servirá como el marco de guía para el desarrollo de la juventud. Ampliamente, la carta también servirá los medios de dirigir la planificación a largo plazo en el desarrollo de la juventud. Está no por algunas razones y uno de él es que uno es todavía avistar una disposición de la carta que habla de la tecnología de información y de comunicación (ICT). No obstante es un documento en negrilla y asertivo para desarrollar la juventud de África que
usted puede recordar que los años 2009 a 2018 se han declarado como la década en el desarrollo de la juventud en África ya. Se espera que éste asista a muchos Estados miembro para pensar largo plazo en su planeamiento del desarrollo de la juventud. Muchos Estados miembro tienen horizontes nacionales del planeamiento fijados absolutamente lejanos en el futuro. Por ejemplo, Botswana tiene el suyo el atravesar de hasta 2016, Nigeria, Rwanda y Malawi todo lo tienen fijada hasta que 2020, y hasta 2030 para Zambia. Así la carta asistirá a estos países para integrar ediciones de la juventud dentro de sus armazones a largo plazo del desarrollo nacional.
Un plan de la acción por los años 2009 a 2018 también está siendo desarrollado por la Comisión del AU, que es realmente la puesta en práctica y cuerpo de la supervisión para la carta africana de la juventud dentro de las estructuras del AU, como los medios de avanzar la puesta en práctica de la carta de la juventud durante la década próxima. Esto proporcionará perceptiblemente la dirección adicional al trabajo de Estados miembro.
La carta africana de la juventud garantiza la participación de la gente joven en el parlamento. Esto confía a Estados miembro para garantizar un número de asientos para la juventud usando un sistema de cuotas. Esto es ya operacional en algunos países. Y aquí Uganda y Rwanda son buenos ejemplos.
La acción afirmativa se debe poner en ejecución en el nivel nacional con respecto a la participación de la juventud, y esto se debe hacer de una manera estructurada, como parte de la política de desarrollo nacional. Cada vez más, la gente joven está tomando la dirección en sus propios términos y está conduciendo los procesos del cambio en sus países. Deben ser dados una ocasión de participar.
En Ghana hemos mencionado solamente a parlamento nacional de la juventud, para no igualar el sistema de cuotas, y es todavía recibir cualquier atención favorable puesto que teníamos un parlamento falso en febrero de 2007. Acabo de informarse que el parlamento de Ghana recolectó a algunos estudiantes de las instituciones en Accra el martes pasado en la aplicación la resolución del conflicto. Es obvio que más ought ser hecho aceleran el paso del desarrollo de la juventud.
La acción afirmativa debe también apuntar el mercado de trabajo. Los indices de desempleo en África son perceptiblemente altos. Éste es un resultado directo de los sistemas educativos débiles, y es una causa directa de la pobreza, que conduce muchos problemas sociales y de salud. Debido a esta conexión entre el empleo y la educación, los sistemas educativos se deben formar para resolver demandas del mercado y la educación no justa por la instrucción y la capacidad para calcular.
Las oportunidades se deben también proporcionar a la gente joven para desarrollar habilidades mientras que en la escuela para permitirlas consiga los trabajos que salen inmediatamente de la escuela.
Esto puede ser hecha adoptando y poniendo la acción en ejecución afirmativa, con respecto a políticas de empleo.
La educación se debe hacer accesible a nuestra gente joven, y los esfuerzos de proporcionar préstamos, concesiones y los similares deben ser ampliados. Para los que incomoden saber, usted puede encontrar mi relato en los préstamos de estudiante publicados en el gráfico diario en el último trimestre de 2005 útil. Estoy considerando el publicar de él en mi blog para su de fácil acceso.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
Unione africana e la lettera della gioventù di Afican
Automatically translated into Italian thanks to WorldLingo
UNA CARTA DA SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA SUL SOGGETTO: `L'UNIONE AFRICANA E LA LETTERA AFRICANA DELLA GIOVENTÙ' PRESENTATE AD UNA SOMMITÀ ORGANIZZATA DA TUTTA L'UNIONE DEGLI ALLIEVI DELL'AFRICA A ACCRA SUL TEMA: `LA LETTERA AFRICANA DELLA GIOVENTÙ E L'ORDINE DEL GIORNO DI NKRUMAH' IL 19 SETTEMBRE 2009 AL CENTRO DI CONGRESSO INTERNAZIONALE DE ACCRA.
L'UNIONE AFRICANA E LA LETTERA AFRICANA DELLA GIOVENTÙ: Oltre Banjul; Edizioni nell'effettuare il sig. africano presidente
, camerati
dalla classe controllo degli allievi', signore e
signori della lettera della gioventù,
humbled dall'invito estendere a me da questa organizzazione nobile per trasportare una carta sulla lettera africana della gioventù. Inizialmente sono stato fatturato per trasportare una carta ad una sommità della gioventù ad una data ulteriore ad un posto via dalla mia patria, Ghana. Ed avevo ricevuto appena una comunicazione che mi riferisco al rinvio di quella sommità quando il vostro è venuto il mio senso ultimo mercoledì.
Poichè i soggetti sono reciprocamente esclusiva ho avuto la sfida di preparazione del questo in un aspetto delle ore e devo dire che profondamente sono stato consumato in quanto. Questa presentazione è quindi appena il lavoro di una coppia dei giorni. Normalmente dò ai miei articoli un certo tempo a `maturo' poiché alcuni delle edizioni e dei wordings possono avere bisogno del perfezionamento.
Nella comunicazione ho ricevuto da questa unione, sono stato incitato per capire che ripartirò la stessa piattaforma del ministro per la gioventù e gli sport. Di conseguenza molte delle edizioni che ho toccato sopra sono state puntate su gli che sollecitano le risposte specifiche.
L'introduzione
nel luglio 2006, alla settimo sommità ordinaria tenuta in Banjul, Gambia, che dell'AU in sé è stata tenuta due mesi dopo la prima sessione ordinaria del congresso dei ministri incaricati della gioventù nell'unione africana (COMY), il montaggio dei capi di stato ed il governo ha firmato la lettera africana della gioventù ed ha dichiarato l'anno 2008 come l'anno della gioventù e del 1° novembre africani ogni anno come giorno africano della gioventù. E questo è giusto un anno prima che il programma del mondo di azione per la gioventù (WPAY) sia stato modificato da dieci (10) zone tematiche a quindici (15) zone tematiche.
La lettera africana della gioventù è stata informata in primo luogo di tutti dalla chiamata dagli Stati membri per lo sviluppo di una lettera alla loro sommità a Algeri in 1999. Ciò è stata rinforzata dal programma strategico della Commissione dell'unione africana (2004-2007), che ha avuta sei obiettivi chiave cioè: per rendere la Commissione africana del sindacato più forte e più sensible a reagire; per formulare una visione comune su futuro dell'Africa (particolarmente gioventù); per promuovere e difendere le posizioni dell'Africa negli argomenti di interesse al continente ed alla relativa gente; per contribuire a radiance culturale dell'Africa; per aumentare cooperazione internazionale e regionale; e per promuovere una nuova cittadinanza ancorata sui valori di base dell'Africa e sulle iniziative di prestazioni e promuovere le economie forti ed integrate in Africa.
È importante notare qui che la Commissione africana del sindacato recentemente è stata aggiornata ad una riunione dell'AU in Sirte, la Libia ed ora è conosciuto come l'autorità africana del sindacato. È il corpo caricato dell'esecuzione della lettera africana della gioventù.
Forse il fattore di determinazione più importante per lo sviluppo della lettera era la condizione del rapporto africano 2005 della gioventù che ha indicato che il rigonfiamento della gioventù del `' in popolazioni africane potrebbe essere un'occasione significativa affinchè l'Africa realizzare i progressi reali. E questo richiederebbe uno sforzo e un investimento intenzionali nello sviluppo della gioventù attraverso il continente.
Questa presentazione è intesa per evidenziare che necessità di essere fatto dagli Stati membri (anche denominati dichiari i partiti) per accertarsi che la lettera sia considerata nella pianificazione di sviluppo nazionale mentre interessa i giovani e per accertarsi che sia effettuata al livello nazionale attraverso i meccanismi differenti e le strutture attuali di sviluppo nazionale.
La lettera
la lettera africana della gioventù è un quadro giuridico di base per guidare e sostenere le politiche, i programmi e le azioni per sviluppo ed empowerment della gioventù attraverso l'Africa. La lettera richiama i diritti e i freedoms, così come il benessere, lo sviluppo e le responsabilità della gioventù.
Gli articoli 2 - 9 della lettera commette dichiarano i partiti per garantire i diritti dei giovani alla propria proprietà, si muovono liberamente, si esprimono, il socio liberamente con altri membri della società e per esercitarsi nel che cosa religione scelgono. Più ulteriormente richiama le edizioni relative a sviluppo della gioventù, partecipazione della gioventù alla risoluzione, la politica della gioventù (documenti), formazione, sanità, riduzione di povertà, occupazione, sicurezza, svago e ricreazione, ambiente, coltura, la gioventù con le inabilità, edizioni delle ragazze', la gioventù nel diaspora ed applicazione di legge in articoli 10 - 25.
Evidenzia le responsabilità della gioventù per quanto riguarda il loro proprio sviluppo e di quella della società in articolo 26.
La lettera definisce la gioventù come affatto individuo fra le età di 15 e di 35. Mentre questo mette per riposare l'emissione di una definizione precisa per la gioventù sul continente, inoltre solleva un'altra edizione molto critica per quanto riguarda sviluppo e sviluppo personali. La gioventù è un periodo di transizione ed i programmi di sviluppo della gioventù sono messi sul posto per sostenere i giovani con questo periodo di transizione. Poichè la speranza di vita è significativamente bassa per molti paesi. Con la speranza di vita corrente di 50.5 anni per il continente e basso quanto 42 in Sierra Leone, un certo wonder perchè dovremmo definire essere giovani fino all'età di 35? E ponga le seguenti domande: Il `quando fa l'individuo si sviluppa in su?'
`A che età allora contribuisce agli sforzi di sviluppo nazionale?'
`Che età ai allora si trasformano in nella responsabilità dell'introito e produttiva del loro proprio benessere? '
Tuttavia, dato che le responsabilità della gioventù è definita nella lettera, offre un'occasione di 15 - 35 anni - olds alla responsabilità dell'introito del loro proprio sviluppo e quelli delle loro società ed eventualmente accelera il passo per l'emancipazione totale del continente africano.
La lettera ha entrare in vigore l'8 agosto 2009, seguendo la ricevuta della quindicesima ratifica l'8 luglio 2009. Fin qui, 16 paesi hanno ratificato la lettera con la Ruanda che è i primi e la Nigeria che sono il più recente.
Altri paesi che hanno ratificato la lettera sono: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
il Gabon, la Gambia, la Guinea-Bissau, la Libia, il Mali, l'isola Maurizio, il Mozambico, il Namibia, il Niger, la Sudafrica, il Togo e l'Uganda; 32 paesi inoltre hanno firmato la lettera. Ed il vostro p#se ospitante, Ghana comunque è un firmatario, è ancora di ratificare la lettera.
Le informazioni lo hanno che l'Angola e lo Zimbabwe entrambe hanno ratificato la lettera. Questi devono ancora essere comunicati alla Commissione dell'AU - l'organismo competente dell'effettuare la lettera all'interno delle strutture dell'AU. Che cosa rimane è di mettere sul posto i meccanismi e le strutture relativi per accertarsi che la lettera sia effettuata.
L'esecuzione della lettera
ad una riunione di 11 paese pilota per avanzare la divulgazione, la ratifica e
l'esecuzione della lettera tenuta nel maggio 2009, Stati membri africani del sindacato ha descritto determinate circostanze in cui la lettera può essere effettuata. Questi includono che tutti gli Stati membri dovrebbero: ratifichi la lettera per la fine dell'anno 2010; abbia le politiche della gioventù e piani d'azione sul posto nazionali che considerano e sostengono l'esecuzione della lettera (questo inoltre si applica ai paesi di cui le politiche nazionali della gioventù non sono conformemente alla lettera della gioventù); abbia meccanismi per la segnalazione sui progressi realizzare con l'esecuzione delle politiche e dei programmi della gioventù; e rinforzi i loro corpi rappresentativi rispettivi per la gioventù.
Così la lettera fornisce la base per coordinazione più grande dai ministeri settoriali responsabili della gioventù (per esempio ministeri della gioventù, dell'occupazione e della formazione tra altre), mentre fornisce alla gioventù un attrezzo per l'avvocatura e la richiesta per la responsabilità più grande del lavoro di governo.
Il primo punto verso l'esecuzione della lettera è mettere sul posto le strutture
relative e le istituzioni che sono necessarie avanzare la condizione della gioventù in ogni membro dichiarano.
Questi includono: l'istituzione di un ministero o un reparto di governo responsabile degli affari della gioventù, l'istituzione di un corpo coordinating della gioventù nazionale (consiglio o federazione o associazione secondo le circostanze), lo sviluppo delle strutture nazionali relative di sviluppo della gioventù e la ripartizione delle risorse di bilancio sufficienti per sviluppo della gioventù.
Mentre il Ghana ha un ministero della gioventù e un Consiglio della gioventù, uno non può dire a il più bene circa la condizione del paese riguardo ad una struttura nazionale di sviluppo della gioventù. Riguardo a supporto di bilancio sufficiente, può essere notato che inquietudini sono state suscitate circa la sostituzione dei preventivi di sviluppo della gioventù per gli sport. Ciò in sé non può inure agli interessi della gioventù poiché gli sport nel migliore dei casi risolve due dei punti principali di sviluppo, cioè di svago e di ricreazione per i molti e di occupazione della gioventù per alcuno.
Un altro punto chiave nell'esecuzione della lettera è la necessità di complementare gli sforzi fatti attraverso la creazione dei punti focali all'interno della linea varia ministeri influenzati dalle disposizioni della lettera, per facilitare la coordinazione attraverso i settori.
Per aumentare la progettazione, la lettera dovrebbe servire la base per allineare i sistemi della raccolta dei dati nazionali delle persone all'interno della staffa di età di 15 - 35 attraverso gli Stati membri. E questa raccolta di dati dovrebbe essere un processo continuo.
Ci è stato una certa confusione sembrante circa come effettuare la lettera. Alcuni paesi hanno proposto di sviluppare le strutture separate di esecuzione per la lettera, mentre altri hanno indicato che le disposizioni della lettera sono state integrate nelle loro politiche nazionali rispettive della gioventù. Tuttavia, la presentazione dalla Commissione nazionale della gioventù della Sudafrica indica nel giusto senso:
Più significativamente, la lettera deve essere effettuata nel quadro delle politiche attuali al livello nazionale, particolarmente la politica nazionale della gioventù.
Altre politiche da adattare includono la costituzione così come le strutture nazionali di politica sui diritti dell'uomo, sulla salute, sulla formazione, sull'occupazione e su vari altre come precisato fra gli articoli 2 e 25. Il Ghana ha fatto considerevolmente bene riguardo ad alcuni di questi indicatori. Per esempio la decisione per abolire il sistema dei turni, introduce la concessione del capitation ed il programma d'alimentazione della scuola in scuole di base è più lodevole. Il paese non può correttamente bene nel relativo ballo del calypso del `' con seconda formazione del ciclo come è stato osservato da molti. Ed ho commentato estesamente la situazione occupazionale in un articolo che ho fatto l'ultimo mese in occasione del giorno internazionale della gioventù.
Gli esperti dicono se l'esecuzione della lettera è integrata in altre politiche nazionali, paesi subiranno pochi o nessuni costi fuori budget. Le ripartizioni di bilancio statutarie nei settori differenti sono intese spesso per fornire i servizi all'intera popolazione. Tuttavia, nell'effettuare le disposizioni della lettera della gioventù, ogni settore deve tenere presente la necessità di generare i servizi specifici per i giovani fra le età di 15 e di 35 all'interno di quel settore.
Per esempio i servizi medico-sanitari devono considerare la necessità per questa staffa di età di accedere ai servizi medico-sanitari riproduttivi su misura.
Accertandosi che i servizi siano su misura richieda che gli addestramenti normali che sono ricevuti dai personali di servizio, quello è programmi di formazione significati per il personale dell'istituzione applicabile, considerano l'addestramento per queste edizioni gioventù-specifiche senza generare i nuovi programmi.
In termini di addestramento di sviluppo di abilità e di formazione, pricipalmente sono designati alla gioventù. Tuttavia, più deve essere fatto per accertarsi che il programma di studi risponda alle esigenze del mercato. E questi possono essere fatti nel vasto quadro delle riforme del settore di formazione.
Una domanda critica che è stata ripetuta parecchie volte è: è la lettera africana della gioventù la soluzione ai problemi di sviluppo della gioventù dell'Africa? La risposta è entrambe sì e no. La risposta è sì perché come minimo minimo la lettera fornisce la base per i giovani al fautore per i loro diritti e servirà da struttura guidante per sviluppo della gioventù. Largamente, la lettera inoltre servirà i mezzi per guidare la pianificazione a lunga scadenza sullo sviluppo della gioventù. Non è no per alcuni motivi ed uno di esso è che uno è ancora di avvistare una misura della lettera che parla della tecnologia di comunicazione e delle informazioni (ICT). Ciò nonostante è un documento GRASSETTO ed assertive per sviluppare la gioventù dell'Africa che
potete ricordare che gli anni 2009 - 2018 sono stati dichiarati già come la decade su sviluppo della gioventù in Africa. È previsto che questo aiuti molti Stati membri per pensare il lungo termine nella loro pianificazione di sviluppo della gioventù. Molti Stati membri hanno orizzonti nazionali di progettazione regolati abbastanza lontani in avvenire. Per esempio, il Botswana ha loro misurare fino a 2016, Nigeria, la Ruanda ed il Malawi tutta lo hanno regolato fino a 2020 ed a fino a 2030 per lo Zambia. Così la lettera aiuterà questi paesi per integrare le edizioni della gioventù nel loro quadro di lunga durata di sviluppo nazionale.
Un piano d'azione per gli anni 2009 - 2018 inoltre sta sviluppando dalla Commissione dell'AU, che è realmente l'esecuzione e corpo di controllo per la lettera africana della gioventù all'interno delle strutture dell'AU, come mezzi per avanzare l'esecuzione della lettera della gioventù durante la decade prossima. Ciò fornirà significativamente ulteriore consiglio ai lavori degli Stati membri.
La lettera africana della gioventù garantisce la partecipazione dei giovani nel Parlamento. Ciò commette gli Stati membri per garantire un certo numero di sedi per la gioventù usando un sistema di contingentamento. Ciò è già operativa in alcuni paesi. E qui l'Uganda e la Ruanda sono buoni esempi.
L'azione affermativa deve essere effettuata al livello nazionale per quanto riguarda partecipazione della gioventù e questa deve essere fatta in un senso strutturato, come componente della politica di sviluppo nazionale. Sempre più, i giovani stanno prendendo la direzione alle loro proprie condizioni e stanno conducendo i processi del cambiamento nei loro paesi. Dovrebbero essere dati una probabilità partecipare.
Nel Ghana abbiamo accennato soltanto un Parlamento nazionale della gioventù, per non neppure il sistema di contingentamento ed è ancora di ricevere tutta l'attenzione favorevole poiché abbiamo avuti un Parlamento falso nel febbraio 2007. Sono stato informato appena che il Parlamento del Ghana ha riunito alcuni allievi dalle istituzioni a Accra ultimo martedì sull'emissione di risoluzione di conflitto. È evidente che più devono essere fatti accelerano il passo di sviluppo della gioventù.
L'azione affermativa dovrebbe anche designare il mercato come bersaglio di lavoro. I tassi di disoccupazione in Africa sono significativamente alti. Ciò è un risultato diretto dei sistemi educativi deboli ed è una causa diretta di povertà, che guida molti problemi di salute e sociali. A causa di questo collegamento fra occupazione e formazione, i sistemi educativi devono essere modellati per venire a contatto delle richieste del mercato e della formazione non giusta per literacy e numeracy.
Le occasioni devono anche essere fornite ai giovani per sviluppare le abilità mentre alla scuola per permetterle ottenga i lavori immediatamente che lasciano la scuola.
Ciò può essere fatta adottando ed effettuando l'azione affermativa, per quanto riguarda le politiche dell'occupazione.
La formazione deve essere resa accessibile ai nostri giovani e gli sforzi fornire i prestiti, le concessioni ed i simili devono essere espansi. Per coloro che si preoccupa di sapere, potete trovare il mio articolo sui prestiti di allievo pubblicati nel grafico quotidiano nell'ultimo trimestre di 2005 utile. Sto studiando la possibilità di pubblicarlo sul mio blog per il vostro accesso facile.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
Afrikanischer Anschluß und die Afican Jugend-Charter
Automatically translated into German thanks to WorldLingo
EIN PAPIER DURCH SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA AUF DEM THEMA: `DER AFRIKANISCHE ANSCHLUSS UND DIE AFRIKANISCHE JUGEND-CHARTER' DARGESTELLT AN EINEM GIPFEL ORGANISIERT DURCH DEN ALLEN AFRIKA KURSTEILNEHMER-ANSCHLUSS IN ACCRA AUF DEM THEMA: `DIE AFRIKANISCHE JUGEND-CHARTER UND DIE NKRUMAH TAGESORDNUNG' AM 19. SEPTEMBER 2009 IM ACCRA INTERNATIONALEN KONFERENZZENTRUM.
DER AFRIKANISCHE ANSCHLUSS UND DIE AFRIKANISCHE JUGEND-CHARTER: Über Banjul hinaus; Ausgaben, wenn man den afrikanischen Jugend-Charter-Herrn
Vorsitzender, Kameraden
von der Vereinigung der Kursteilnehmer' Regierungsgewalt, Damen
und Herren einführte,
humbled ich durch die Einladung, die auf mich durch diese vortreffliche Organisation verlängert wird, um ein Papier auf der afrikanischen Jugend-Charter zu liefern. Ich wurde zuerst angekündigt, um ein Papier an einem Jugendgipfel an einem Platz weg von meiner Heimaten, Ghana zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt zu liefern. Und ich hatte gerade eine Kommunikation auf den Aufschub dieses Gipfels beziehend empfangen, als Ihr meine Weise letzter Mittwoch kam.
Da die Themen gegenseitig Exklusives sind, das ich die Herausforderung des Vorbereitens dieses in einer Angelegenheit von Stunden hatte und ich muß sagen, daß ich tief in dem verbraucht wurde. Diese Darstellung ist folglich gerade die Arbeit eines Paares von Tagen. Normalerweise gebe ich meinen Darstellungen einige Zeit zum fälligen `', da einige der Ausgaben und der wordings Verfeinerung benötigen können.
In der Kommunikation empfing ich von diesem Anschluß, wurde ich gebildet, um zu verstehen, daß ich die gleiche Plattform wie der Minister für Jugend und Sport teilen werde. Folglich viele der Ausgaben, die ich an mich berührte, wurden spezifische Antworten von ihm erbitten angestrebt.
Einleitung
im Juli 2006, am 7. gewöhnlichen AU-Gipfel, das in Banjul, das Gambia gehalten wurde, das in sich zwei Monate nach dem ersten gewöhnlichen Lernabschnitt der Konferenz der Minister verantwortlich für Jugend im afrikanischen Anschluß (COMY) gehalten wurde, der Zusammenbau der Staatsoberhäupter und Regierung indossierte die afrikanische Jugend-Charter und erklärte das Jahr 2008 als das Jahr der afrikanischen Jugend und des 1. November jedes Jahr als afrikanischer Jugend-Tag. Und dieses ist ein Jahr gerecht, bevor das Weltprogramm der Tätigkeit für Jugend (WPAY) von 10 (10) thematischen Bereichen zu fünfzehn (15) thematischen Bereichen verbessert wurde.
Die afrikanische Jugend-Charter wurde zuerst über alle durch den Anruf von den Mitgliedsstaaten für die Entwicklung einer Charter an ihrem Gipfel in Algiers 1999 informiert. Dieses wurde durch den strategischen Plan der Kommission des afrikanischen Anschlußes (2004-2007) verstärkt, der sechs Schlüsselzielsetzungen nämlich hatte: die afrikanische Anschluß-Kommission stärker und entgegenkommender bilden; einen geteilten Anblick auf Zukunft Afrikas (besonders die Jugend) formulieren; Positionen Afrikas in den Angelegenheiten des Interesses zum Kontinent und zu seinen Leuten fördern und verteidigen; Afrikas zum kulturellen Strahlen beitragen; internationale und regionale Mitarbeit erhöhen; und eine neue Staatsbürgerschaft fördern befestigt auf Afrikas grundlegenden Werten und auf Leistung Initiativen, und die starken und integrierten Wirtschaftssysteme in Afrika fördern.
Es ist wichtig, hier zu merken, daß die afrikanische Anschluß-Kommission vor kurzem bei einer AU-Sitzung in Sirte verbessert worden ist, Libyen und bekannt jetzt als die afrikanische Anschluß-Berechtigung. Es ist der Körper, der mit der Implementierung der afrikanischen Jugend-Charter aufgeladen wird.
Möglicherweise war der wichtigste feststellenfaktor für die Entwicklung der Charter der Status des afrikanischen Jugend-Reports 2005, der zeigte, daß die `Jugendausbuchtung' in den afrikanischen Bevölkerungen eine bedeutende Gelegenheit sein könnte, damit Afrika realen Fortschritt bildet. Und dieses würde eine überlegte Bemühung und eine Investition in der Jugendentwicklung über dem Kontinent erfordern.
Diese Darstellung soll hervorheben, welche Notwendigkeiten, von den Mitgliedsstaaten getan zu werden (auch angerufen worden State Parties) um sicherzugehen, daß die Charter in Betracht in nationale Entwicklung Planung gezogen wird, während sie junge Leute beeinflußt, und sicherzugehen, daß sie auf nationalem Niveau durch unterschiedliche Einheiten und vorhandene nationale Entwicklung Rahmen eingeführt wird.
Die Charter
die afrikanische Jugend-Charter ist ein grundlegender Gesetzesrahmen, zum von politischen Richtlinien, von Programmen und von Klagen auf Jugendentwicklung und -ermächtigung über Afrika zu führen und zu stützen. Die Charter adressiert die Rechte und die freedoms, sowie die Wohlfahrt, die Entwicklung und die Verantwortlichkeiten der Jugend.
Artikel 2 bis 9 der Charter legt Zustand-Parteien, um den Rechten der jungen Leute zu eigener Eigenschaft zu garantieren, bewegt sich frei, drückt sich, Teilnehmer frei mit anderen Mitgliedern der Gesellschaft fest und zu üben aus, was Religion sie wählen. Es spricht weiter die Punkte an, die auf Jugendentwicklung, Jugendteilnahme an der Beschlußfassung, Jugendpolitik (Dokumente) bezogen werden, Ausbildung, Gesundheitspflege, Armutverkleinerung, Beschäftigung, Sicherheit, Freizeit und Erholung, Klima, Kultur, Jugend mit Unfähigkeit, Mädchen' Ausgaben, Jugend in der Diaspora und Gesetzdurchführung in Artikeln 10 bis 25.
Es hebt die Verantwortlichkeiten der Jugend betreffend sind ihre eigene Entwicklung und der deren der Gesellschaft in Artikel 26 hervor.
Die Charter definiert Jugend als irgendwie Einzelperson zwischen dem Alter von 15 und von 35. Während dieses sich setzt, um die Ausgabe einer freien Definition für Jugend auf dem Kontinent stillzustehen, hebt es auch eine andere sehr kritische Ausgabe betreffend ist persönliches Wachstum und Entwicklung an. Jugend ist eine übergangsphase, und JugendEntwicklungsprogramme werden an der richtigen Stelle gesetzt, um junge Leute durch diese übergangsphase zu stützen. Angenommen, Lebenserwartung für viele Länder erheblich niedrig ist. Mit der gegenwärtigen Lebenserwartung von 50.5 Jahren für den Kontinent und so niedrig wie 42 in Sierra Leone, etwas Wunder, warum wir Sein definieren sollten jung bis zum Alter von 35? Und werfen Sie die folgenden Fragen auf: `, wenn die Einzelperson tut, wachsen?' auf
`An, welchem Alter sie dann beiträgt zu den nationale Entwicklung Bemühungen?'
`An welches Alter, werden ihnen dann produktive und Nehmenverantwortlichkeit für ihr eigenes Wohl? '
Jedoch, angenommen, die Verantwortlichkeiten der Jugend in der Charter definiert wird, stellt es eine Gelegenheit für 15 bis 35 Jahr - olds zur Nehmenverantwortlichkeit für ihre eigene Entwicklung und die ihrer Gesellschaften zur Verfügung und beschleunigt hoffnungsvoll den Schritt für die Gesamtemanzipation des afrikanischen Kontinentes.
Die Charter erbte Kraft am 8. August 2009 und folgte dem Empfang der 15. Bestätigung am 8. Juli 2009. Bis jetzt haben 16 Länder die Charter mit Ruanda bestätigt, das das erste und das Nigeria seiend das neueste ist.
Andere Länder, die die Charter bestätigt haben, sind: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
Gabun, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Libyen, Mali, Mauritius, Mosambik, Namibia, Niger, Südafrika, Togo und Uganda; 32 Länder haben auch die Charter unterzeichnet. Und Ihr Gastland, Ghana ist zwar ein Unterzeichner, ist, die Charter schon zu bestätigen.
Informationen haben es, daß Angola und Zimbabwe beide der Charter bestätigt haben. Diese sollen zur AU Kommission schon in Verbindung gestanden werden - der Körper, der für das Einführen der Charter innerhalb der Strukturen des AU verantwortlich ist. Was bleibt, ist, die relevanten Einheiten und die Strukturen an der richtigen Stelle zu setzen, um sicherzugehen, daß die Charter eingeführt wird.
Implementierung der Charter
bei einer Sitzung von 11 Versuchsländern, zum der Popularisierung, der Bestätigung und der Implementierung
der Charter vorzurücken, die im Mai 2009, afrikanische Anschlußmitgliedsstaaten gehalten wurde, umriß bestimmte Bedingungen, unter denen die Charter eingeführt werden kann. Diese schließen ein, daß alle Mitgliedsstaaten sollten: bestätigen Sie die Charter Ende des Jahres 2010; haben Sie an der richtigen Stelle nationale Jugendpolitik und Aktionspläne, die in Betracht ziehen und die Implementierung der Charter stützen (dieser trifft auch auf Länder zu deren nationale Jugendpolitik nicht gemäß der Jugend-Charter ist); haben Sie Einheiten für den Bericht über den Fortschritt, der mit der Implementierung der Jugendpolitischer richtlinien und -programme gebildet wird; und verstärken Sie ihre jeweiligen Repräsentativkörper für Jugend.
So stellt die Charter die Grundlage für grössere Korrdination von den Sektorenministerien zur verfügung, die für Jugend verantwortlich sind (z.B. Ministerien von Jugend, von Beschäftigung und von Ausbildung unter anderen), beim Versehen die Jugend mit einem Werkzeug für Befürwortung und Nachfrage für grössere Verantwortlichkeit der Regierung Arbeit.
Der erste Schritt in Richtung zur Implementierung der Charter ist, die relevanten Rahmen und
die Anstalten an der richtigen Stelle zu setzen, die erforderlich sind, den Status von Jugend in jedem Mitgliedsstaat vorzurücken.
Diese schließen ein: die Anstalt eines Regierung Ministeriums oder der Abteilung verantwortlich für Jugendangelegenheiten, die Anstalt eines coordinating Körpers der nationalen Jugend (Rat oder Vereinigung oder Verbindung als der Fall können sein), die Entwicklung der relevanten nationalen Jugendentwicklung Rahmen und die Verteilung der ausreichenden haushaltsmäßigen Betriebsmittel für Jugendentwicklung.
Während Ghana ein Jugend-Ministerium und einen Jugend-Rat hat, kann man nicht über den Status des Landes in Bezug auf einen nationalen Jugend-Entwicklung Rahmen gut erklären. In Bezug auf ausreichende haushaltsmäßige Unterstützung kann es gemerkt werden, daß Interessen über den Ersatz der Jugendentwicklung Etats für Sport angehoben worden sind. Dieses in sich kann nicht inure zu den besten Interessen der Jugend, da Sport bestenfalls zwei der Hauptausgaben der Jugendentwicklung, das heißt, -freizeit und -erholung für viele und -beschäftigung für einiges löst.
Ein anderer Schlüsselschritt in der Implementierung der Charter ist die Notwendigkeit, die Bemühungen ergäzunzen, die durch die Kreation der Schwerpunkte innerhalb der verschiedenen Linie die Ministerien gebildet werden, die durch die Bestimmungen der Charter beeinflußt werden, um Korrdination über Sektoren zu erleichtern.
Um Planung zu erhöhen, sollte die Charter die Grundlage dienen um nationale Datenerfassungsysteme der Personen innerhalb der Altersklasse von 15 bis 35 über Mitgliedsstaaten auszurichten. Und diese Datenerfassung sollte ein fortwährender Prozeß sein.
Es hat etwas scheinendes Durcheinander gegeben über, wie man die Charter einführt. Einige Länder haben vorgeschlagen, unterschiedliche Implementierung Rahmen für die Charter zu entwickeln, während andere angezeigt haben, daß die Bestimmungen der Charter in ihre jeweilige nationale Jugendpolitik integriert worden sind. Jedoch zeigt die Darstellung durch Südafrikas nationale Jugend-Kommission in die rechte Richtung:
Erheblich, muß die Charter im Rahmen der vorhandenen Politik auf dem nationalen Niveau, besonders die nationale Jugend-Politik eingeführt werden.
Andere angepaßt zu werden politische Richtlinien schließen die Beschaffenheit sowie nationale Politikrahmen auf menschlichen Rechten, Gesundheit, Ausbildung ein, Beschäftigung und verschiedenen anderen, wie zwischen Artikeln 2 und 25 dargelegt. Ghana hat beträchtlich gut in Bezug auf einige dieser Anzeigen getan. Zum Beispiel stellen die Entscheidung, zum des Schiebesystems abzuschaffen, die Kopfsteuerbewilligung vor und das einziehende Programm der Schule in den grundlegenden Schulen sind am empfehlenswertesten. Das Land kann nicht ehrlich gut in seinem `Kalypsotanz' mit zweiter Zyklusausbildung, wie durch viele beobachtet worden ist. Und ich habe weitgehend die Beschäftigungssituation in einer Darstellung kommentiert, die ich letzten Monat anläßlich des internationalen Jugend-Tages tat.
Experten sagen, wenn die Implementierung der Charter in andere nationale Politik integriert wird, Länder sich nehmen auf wenige oder keine außerhalb des Budgetskosten. Gesetzliche haushaltsmäßige Verteilungen in den unterschiedlichen Sektoren sollen häufig Dienstleistungen zur Gesamtbevölkerung zur Verfügung stellen. Jedoch wenn er die Bestimmungen der Jugend-Charter einführt, muß jeder Sektor im Verstand die Notwendigkeit halten, spezifische Services für junge Leute zwischen dem Alter von 15 und von 35 innerhalb dieses Sektors zu verursachen.
Zum Beispiel muß das Gesundheitswesen die Notwendigkeit an dieser Altersklasse Zugang zum maßgeschneiderten reproduktiven Gesundheitswesen in Betracht ziehen.
Sicherstellend, daß Dienstleistungen maßgeschneidert sind, erfordern Sie, daß das regelmäßige Training, das vom Service-Personal empfangen werden, das die Trainingskurse ist, die für den Personal der anwendbaren Anstalt bedeutet werden, ziehen in Betracht die Ausbildung für diese Jugend-spezifischen Ausgaben, ohne neue Programme zu verursachen.
In Ausbildung und Fähigkeiten Entwicklung Training ausgedrückt werden sie hauptsächlich an der Jugend gezielt. Jedoch muß mehr getan werden, um sicherzugehen, daß der Lehrplan Marktnachfragen befriedigt. Und diese können innerhalb des weitgesteckten Rahmens der Ausbildung Sektorverbesserungen getan werden.
Eine kritische Frage, die mehrmals wiederholt worden ist, ist: ist die afrikanische Jugend-Charter die Lösung zu den Jugend-Entwicklung Problemen Afrikas? Die Antwort ist beide ja und Nr. Die Antwort ist ja, weil am Minimum die Charter die Grundlage für junge Leute zum Fürsprecher für ihre Rechte zur Verfügung stellt und sie als der leitende Rahmen für Jugendentwicklung dient. Breit dient die Charter auch die Mittel, langfristige Planung auf Jugendentwicklung zu führen. Es ist nicht aus etwas Gründen und eins von ihm ist, daß man, eine Bestimmung der Charter schon anzuvisieren ist, die über Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik (ICT) spricht. Nichtsdestoweniger ist es ein fettes und assertive Dokument für das Entwickeln der Jugend von Afrika, das
Sie zurückrufen können, daß die Jahre 2009 bis 2018 als die Dekade auf Jugendentwicklung in Afrika bereits erklärt worden sind. Es wird erwartet, daß dieses viele Mitgliedsstaaten unterstützt, um Long-term in ihrer Jugendentwicklung Planung zu denken. Viele Mitgliedsstaaten haben die nationalen Planung Horizonte ziemlich weit zukünftig eingestellt. Z.B. haben Botswana ihr, bis 2016, Nigeria zu überspannen, alle haben Ruanda und Malawi es eingestellt bis zu 2020 und bis 2030 für Sambia. So unterstützt die Charter diese Länder, um Jugendausgaben innerhalb ihrer langfristigen nationale Entwicklung Rahmen zu integrieren.
Ein Aktionsplan für die Jahre 2009 bis 2018 wird auch durch die AU Kommission, die wirklich die Implementierung und überwachung Körper für die afrikanische Jugend-Charter innerhalb der Strukturen des AU ist, als Mittel, die Implementierung der Jugend-Charter über der folgenden Dekade vorzurücken entwickelt. Dieses stellt erheblich weitere Anleitung zur Arbeit der Mitgliedsstaaten zur Verfügung.
Die afrikanische Jugend-Charter garantiert der Teilnahme der jungen Leute im Parlament. Dieses legt Mitgliedsstaaten fest, um einer Anzahl von Sitzen für Jugend mit einem Quotesystem zu garantieren. Dieses ist bereits in einigen Ländern funktionsfähig. Und hier sind Uganda und Ruanda gute Beispiele.
Bestätigende Tätigkeit muß auf dem nationalen Niveau betreffend ist Jugendteilnahme eingeführt werden, und dieses muß in einer strukturierten Weise, als Teil der nationalen entwicklungspolitischen Linie getan werden. In zunehmendem Maße nehmen junge Leute Führung auf ihren eigenen Bezeichnungen und führen die änderung Prozesse in ihren Ländern. Sie sollten eine Wahrscheinlichkeit gegeben werden teilzunehmen.
In Ghana haben wir nur ein nationales Jugend-Parlament, das erwähnt Quotesystem nicht zu glätten, und es ist, jede vorteilhafte Aufmerksamkeit schon zu empfangen, da wir ein mock Parlament im Februar 2007 hatten. Ich bin gerade informiert worden, daß das Parlament von Ghana einige Kursteilnehmer von den Anstalten in Accra letzter Dienstag auf der Ausgabe der Konfliktauflösung erfaßte. Es liegt auf der Hand, daß mehr getan werden sollen beschleunigen den Schritt der Jugendentwicklung.
Bestätigende Tätigkeit sollte den Arbeitsmarkt auch zielen. Arbeitslosigkeit Rate in Afrika ist erheblich hoch. Dieses ist ein direktes Resultat des schwachen Schulwesens und ist eine unmittelbare Ursache der Armut, die viele Sozial- und Gesundheit Probleme fährt. Wegen dieses Anschlußes zwischen Beschäftigung und Ausbildung, muß Schulwesen geformt werden, um Marktnachfragen und nicht gerechte Ausbildung um des Bildungsgrades und des Numeracy willen zu treffen.
Gelegenheiten müssen zu den jungen Leuten auch zur Verfügung gestellt werden, um Fähigkeiten zu entwickeln, während an der Schule, zwecks ihnen zu ermöglichen Jobs erhalten Sie, sofort, das sie Schule verlassen.
Dieses kann getan werden, indem man die bestätigende Tätigkeit, betreffend Beschäftigungpolitische richtlinien annimmt und einführt.
Ausbildung muß zugänglich gebildet werden zu unseren jungen Leuten, und Bemühungen, Darlehen, Bewilligungen und dergleichen zur Verfügung zu stellen müssen erweitert werden. Für die, die stören zu wissen, können Sie meine Darstellung auf den Kursteilnehmerdarlehen nützlich finden, die in der täglichen Graphik im letzten Viertel von 2005 veröffentlicht werden. Ich erwäge, es auf meinem blog für Ihren einfachen Zugang zu veröffentlichen.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
União africana e a carta patente da juventude de Afican
Automatically translated into Portuguese thanks to WorldLingo
UM PAPEL POR SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA NO TÓPICO: O `A UNIÃO AFRICANA E A CARTA PATENTE AFRICANA DA JUVENTUDE' APRESENTOU-SE EM UM SUMMIT ORGANIZADO POR TODA A UNIÃO DOS ESTUDANTES DE ÁFRICA EM ACCRA NO TEMA: `A CARTA PATENTE AFRICANA DA JUVENTUDE E A AGENDA DE NKRUMAH' SETEMBRO EM 19, 2009 NO CENTRO DE CONFERÊNCIA INTERNACIONAL DE ACCRA.
A UNIÃO AFRICANA E A CARTA PATENTE AFRICANA DA JUVENTUDE: Além de Banjul; Edições em executar o Sr. africano presidente
, camaradas
do fraternity Governance dos estudantes', senhoras e
gentlemen da carta patente da juventude,
eu humbled pelo invitation estendido a mim por esta organização nobre para entregar um papel na carta patente africana da juventude. Eu fui faturado inicialmente para entregar em um outro dia um papel em um summit da juventude em um lugar longe de meu homeland, Ghana. E eu tinha recebido apenas uma comunicação que consulta ao postponement desse summit quando seu veio minha maneira última quarta-feira.
Porque os tópicos são mutuamente exclusive que eu tive o desafio de preparar isto em uma matéria das horas e eu devo dizer que eu estive consumido profundamente naquele. Esta apresentação é conseqüentemente apenas o trabalho de um par dos dias. Normalmente eu dou a meus write-ups alguma hora ao `maduro' desde que alguns das edições e dos wordings podem necessitar o refinement.
Na comunicação eu recebi desta união, eu fui feito para compreender que eu estarei compartilhando da mesma plataforma que o ministro para a juventude e os esportes. Conseqüentemente muitas das edições que eu toquei foram visadas sobre que soliciting respostas específicas dele.
A introdução
em julho 2006, no 7o summit ordinário prendido em Banjul, o Gambia do AU, que nse foi prendido dois meses após a primeira sessão ordinária da conferência dos ministros na carga de juventude na união africana (COMY), o conjunto das cabeças de estado e de governo endossou a carta patente africana da juventude e declarou o ano 2008 como o ano da juventude e novembro africanos do 1 cada ano como o dia africano da juventude. E isto foi justo um ano antes que o programa do mundo da ação para a juventude (WPAY) estêve revisado de dez (10) áreas thematic a quinze (15) áreas thematic.
A carta patente africana da juventude foi informada primeiramente de tudo pela chamada dos estados de membro para o desenvolvimento de uma carta patente em seu summit em Argel em 1999. Isto strengthened pela planta estratégica do Commission da união africana (2004-2007), que teve seis objetivos chaves viz.: para fazer o Commission africano da união mais forte e mais responsivo; para formular uma visão compartilhada no futuro de África (especialmente a juventude); para promover e defender posições de África nas matérias do interesse ao continente e a seus povos; para contribuir ao radiance cultural de África; para realçar a cooperação internacional e regional; e para promover um citizenship novo escorado em valores básicos de África, e em iniciativas do desempenho, e para promover economias fortes e integradas em África.
É importante anotar aqui que o Commission africano da união tem sido promovido recentemente em uma reunião do AU em Sirte, Líbia e é sabido agora como a autoridade africana da união. É o corpo carregado com a execução da carta patente africana da juventude.
Talvez o fator determinando o mais importante para o desenvolvimento da carta patente era o status do relatório africano 2005 da juventude que mostrou que a protuberância da juventude do `' em populações africanas poderia ser uma oportunidade significativa para que África faça o progresso real. E isto requereria um esforço e um investimento deliberados no desenvolvimento da juventude através do continente.
Esta apresentação é pretendida destacar que necessidades ser feito pelos estados de membro (chamados também Estado Partido) para se assegurar de que a carta patente esteja feita exame no cliente no planeamento do desenvolvimento nacional enquanto afeta povos novos, e para se assegurar de que esteja executada no nível nacional através dos mecanismos diferentes e das estruturas existentes do desenvolvimento nacional.
A carta patente
a carta patente africana da juventude é uma estrutura legal básica para guiar e suportar políticas, programas e ações para o desenvolvimento e o empowerment da juventude através de África. A carta patente dirige-se às direitas e aos freedoms, as well as o bem-estar, o desenvolvimento e as responsabilidades da juventude.
Os artigos 2 9 da carta patente cometem partidos do estado para garantir as direitas de povos novos a própria propriedade, movem-se livremente, expressam-se, o associado livremente com outros membros da sociedade e para praticar o que religião escolhem. Dirige-se mais mais às edições relacionadas ao desenvolvimento da juventude, a participação da juventude na tomada de decisão, a política de juventude (originais), a instrução, o cuidado de saúde, a redução da pobreza, o emprego, a segurança, o lazer e a recreação, o ambiente, a cultura, a juventude com inabilidades, as edições das meninas', a juventude no diaspora e o enforcement de lei nos artigos 10 25.
Destaca as responsabilidades da juventude a respeito de seu próprio desenvolvimento e daquela da sociedade no artigo 26.
A carta patente define a juventude como o indivíduo entre as idades de 15 e de 35. Quando isto puser para descansar a introdução de uma definição desobstruída para a juventude no continente, levanta também uma outra edição muito crítica a respeito do crescimento e do desenvolvimento pessoais. A juventude é um período de transição, e os programas de desenvolvimento da juventude são postos no lugar para suportar povos novos com este período de transição. Dado que a expectativa de vida é significativamente baixa para muitos países. Com a expectativa de vida atual de 50.5 anos para o continente, e tão baixo quanto 42 em Sierra Leão, alguma maravilha porque nós devemos definir ser novos até a idade de 35? E pose as seguintes perguntas: O `quando faz o indivíduo cresce acima?'
`Em que idade eles então contribui aos esforços do desenvolvimento nacional?'
O `que idade nos transformam-se então responsabilidade produtiva e da tomada para seu próprio wellbeing? '
Entretanto, dado que as responsabilidades da juventude estão definidas na carta patente, fornece uma oportunidade por 15 a 35 anos - olds à responsabilidade da tomada para seu próprio desenvolvimento e aqueles de suas sociedades, e quicken esperançosamente o ritmo para o emancipation total do continente africano.
A carta patente veio na força em 8 agosto 2009, seguindo o recibo do 15o ratification em 8 julho 2009. Para datar, 16 países ratificaram a carta patente com o Rwanda que é os primeiros e a Nigéria que são os mais recentes.
Outros países que ratificaram a carta patente são: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
Gabon, Gambia, Guiné-Bissau, Líbia, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namíbia, Niger, África do Sul, Togo e Uganda; 32 países assinaram também a carta patente. E seu país de anfitrião, Ghana é though um signatário, é ratificar ainda a carta patente.
A informação tem-no que Angola e Zimbabwe ambos ratificaram a carta patente. Estes devem ser comunicados ainda ao Commission do AU - o corpo responsável para executar a carta patente dentro das estruturas do AU. O que remanesce é pôr no lugar os mecanismos e as estruturas relevantes para assegurar-se de que a carta patente esteja executada.
A execução da carta patente
em uma reunião de 11 países piloto para avançar o popularisation, o ratification e
a execução da carta patente prendida em maio 2009, estados de membro africanos da união esboçou determinadas circunstâncias sob que a carta patente pode ser executada. Estes incluem que todos os estados de membro devem: ratifique a carta patente para o fim do ano 2010; tenha nas políticas de juventude do lugar e nas plantas de ação nacionais que fazem exame no cliente e suportam a execução da carta patente (esta se aplica também aos países cujas as políticas de juventude nacionais não estão na conformidade com a carta patente da juventude); tenha mecanismos para relatar no progresso feito com a execução de políticas e de programas de juventude; e strengthen seus corpos representativos respectivos para a juventude.
Assim a carta patente fornece a base para uma coordenação mais grande pelos ministries sectoral responsáveis para a juventude (por exemplo ministries da juventude, do emprego e da instrução entre outra), ao fornecer a juventude com uma ferramenta para o advocacy e a demanda para um accountability mais grande do trabalho do governo.
A primeira etapa para a execução da carta patente é pôr no lugar as estruturas
e as instituições relevantes que são needed avançar o status da juventude em cada estado de membro.
Estes incluem: a instituição de um ministry ou um departamento do governo responsável para casos da juventude, a instituição de um corpo coordinating da juventude nacional (conselho ou federation ou associação conforme as circunstâncias), o desenvolvimento de estruturas nacionais relevantes do desenvolvimento da juventude, e o alocamento de recursos budgetary adequados para o desenvolvimento da juventude.
Whilst Ghana tem um Ministry da juventude e um conselho da juventude, um não pode melhor dizer sobre o status do país com respeito a uma estrutura nacional do desenvolvimento da juventude. Com respeito à sustentação budgetary adequada, pode-se anotar que os interesses estiveram levantados sobre a substituição de orçamentos do desenvolvimento da juventude para esportes. Isto nse não pode inure aos mais melhores interesses da juventude desde que os esportes resolvem no melhor dos casos duas das introduções principais do desenvolvimento, isto é, do lazer e da recreação para muitos e do emprego da juventude para algum.
Uma outra etapa chave na execução da carta patente é a necessidade complementar os esforços feitos através da criação de pontos focais dentro da linha diversa ministries afetados pelas provisões da carta patente, a fim facilitar a coordenação através dos setores.
Para realçar o planeamento, a carta patente deve servir à base alinhar sistemas de levantamento de dados nacionais das pessoas dentro do suporte de idade de 15 a 35 através dos estados de membro. E este levantamento de dados deve ser um processo ongoing.
Houve alguma confusão parecendo sobre como executar a carta patente. Alguns países propuseram desenvolver estruturas separadas da execução para a carta patente, quando outros indicarem que as provisões da carta patente estiveram integradas em suas políticas de juventude nacionais respectivas. Entretanto, a apresentação pelo Commission nacional da juventude de África do Sul aponta no sentido correto:
Mais significativamente, a carta patente deve ser executada dentro da estrutura de políticas existentes no nível nacional, especialmente a política de juventude nacional.
Outras políticas a ser adaptadas incluem o constitution as well as estruturas nacionais da política em direitas humanas, em saúde, em instrução, em emprego e em vário outro como ajustam-se para fora entre os artigos 2 e 25. Ghana fêz consideravelmente bem com respeito a alguns destes indicadores. Por exemplo a decisão para abolish o sistema de deslocamento, introduz a concessão do capitation e o programa de alimentação da escola em escolas básicas é o mais commendable. O país não pode favoravelmente bem em sua dança do calypso do `' com segunda instrução do ciclo como foi observado por muitos. E eu comentei extensivamente na situação de emprego em um write-up que eu fiz o último mês na ocasião do dia internacional da juventude.
Os peritos dizem se a execução da carta patente for integrada em outras políticas nacionais, países incorrerão quase nenhuns custos budgetary extra. Os alocamentos budgetary estatutários nos setores diferentes são pretendidos frequentemente fornecer serviços à população inteira. Entretanto, em executar as provisões da carta patente da juventude, cada setor deve manter na mente a necessidade criar serviços específicos para povos novos entre as idades de 15 e de 35 dentro desse setor.
Por exemplo os serviços de saúde devem fazer exame no cliente da necessidade para este suporte de idade alcançar serviços de saúde reproductive tailor-made.
Assegurando-se de que os serviços sejam tailor-made reque que os treinamentos regulares que são recebidos pelo pessoal de serviço, aquele são os programas de treinamento significados para a equipe de funcionários da instituição aplicável, tomada no treinamento do cliente para estas edições juventude-específicas sem criar programas novos.
Nos termos do treinamento da instrução e do desenvolvimento das habilidades, são alvejados principalmente na juventude. Entretanto, mais necessita ser feito para assegurar-se de que o curriculum se encontre com demandas do mercado. E estes podem ser feitos dentro da estrutura larga de reformas do setor da instrução.
Uma pergunta crítica que foi repetida diversas vezes é: é a carta patente africana da juventude a solução aos problemas do desenvolvimento da juventude de África? A resposta é ambos sim e No. A resposta é sim porque no mínimo a carta patente fornece a base para povos novos ao advogado para suas direitas e servirá como a estrutura guiando para o desenvolvimento da juventude. Amplamente, a carta patente servirá também aos meios guiar o planeamento a longo prazo no desenvolvimento da juventude. É não para algumas razões e um dele é que um é avistar ainda uma provisão da carta patente que fala sobre a tecnologia de informação e de comunicação (ICT). Nonetheless é um original bold(realce) e assertive para desenvolver a juventude de África que
você pode recordar que os anos 2009 2018 têm sido declarados como a década no desenvolvimento da juventude em África já. Espera-se que este ajudará a muitos estados de membro a pensar do prazo em seu planeamento do desenvolvimento da juventude. Muitos estados de membro têm os horizontes nacionais do planeamento ajustados completamente distantes no futuro. Por exemplo, Botswana tem dele medir até 2016, Nigéria, Rwanda e Malawi todos têm-no ajustado up-to 2020, e até 2030 para a Zâmbia. Assim a carta patente ajudará a estes países a integrar edições da juventude dentro de suas estruturas a longo prazo do desenvolvimento nacional.
Uma planta de ação por os anos 2009 2018 está sendo desenvolvida também pelo Commission do AU, que é realmente a execução e corpo da monitoração para a carta patente africana da juventude dentro das estruturas do AU, como meios avançar a execução da carta patente da juventude sobre a década seguinte. Isto fornecerá significativamente uma orientação mais adicional ao trabalho de estados de membro.
A carta patente africana da juventude garante a participação de povos novos no parliament. Isto comete estados de membro para garantir um número de assentos para a juventude usando um sistema de quota. Isto é já operacional em alguns países. E aqui Uganda e Rwanda são exemplos bons.
A ação Affirmative deve ser executada no nível nacional a respeito da participação da juventude, e esta deve ser feita em uma maneira estruturada, como parte da política de desenvolvimento nacional. Cada vez mais, os povos novos estão fazendo exame da liderança em seus próprios termos e estão conduzindo aos processos da mudança em seus países. Devem ser dados uma possibilidade participar.
Em Ghana nós mencionamos somente um Parliament nacional da juventude, para não nivelar o sistema de quota, e é receber ainda toda a atenção favorável desde que nós tivemos um Parliament mock em fevereiro 2007. Eu fui informado apenas que o Parliament de Ghana recolheu alguns estudantes das instituições em Accra última terça-feira na introdução da definição do conflito. É óbvio que mais ought ser feito aceleram o ritmo do desenvolvimento da juventude.
A ação Affirmative deve também alvejar o mercado labour. As taxas de desemprego em África são significativamente elevadas. Este é um resultado direto de sistemas de instrução fracos, e é uma causa direta da pobreza, que dirige muitos problemas sociais e de saúde. Por causa desta conexão entre o emprego e a instrução, os sistemas de instrução devem ser dados forma para encontrar-se com demandas do mercado e a instrução nao justa para a causa do literacy e do numeracy.
As oportunidades devem também ser fornecidas aos povos novos para desenvolver habilidades quando na escola a fim as permitir comece trabalhos imediatamente que saem da escola.
Isto pode ser feito adotando e executando a ação affirmative, a respeito das políticas de emprego.
A instrução deve ser feita acessível a nossos povos novos, e os esforços fornecer empréstimos, concessões e o gosto devem ser expandidos. Para aqueles que se incomodam saber, você pode encontrar meu write-up nos empréstimos de estudante publicados no gráfico diário no último quarto de 2005 útil. Eu estou considerando publicá-lo em meu blog para seu acesso fácil.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
Afrikansk union och den Afican ungdomchartern
Automatically translated into Swedish thanks to WorldLingo
ETT PAPPERS- VID SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA PÅ ÄMNET: `DEN AFRIKANSKA UNIONEN OCH DEN AFRIKANSKA UNGDOMCHARTERN' SOM FRAMLÄGGAS PÅ ETT TOPPMÖTE SOM ORGANISERAS AV ALLA DE AFRIKA DELTAGARNA SOM ÄR FACKLIGA I ACCRA PÅ TEMAT: `DEN AFRIKANSKA UNGDOMCHARTERN OCH NKRUMAH-DAGORDNINGEN' PÅ SEPTEMBER 19, 2009 PÅ DEN ACCRA LANDSKAMPKONFERENSEN CENTRERAR.
DEN AFRIKANSKA UNIONEN OCH DEN AFRIKANSKA UNGDOMCHARTERN: Det okända Banjul; Utfärdar, i att genomföra den afrikanska ungdomcharter
Herr ordföranden,
kamrater från broderskapet av deltagare' makt,
damtoalett, och gentlemän,
har jag kvästs av inbjudan fördjupad till mig av denna nobla organisation för att leverera ett pappers- på den afrikanska ungdomchartern. Jag fakturerades initialt för att leverera ett pappers- på en ungdom som toppmötet på ett mer sistnämnd daterar på en förlägga i väg från mitt hemland, Ghana. Och jag hade precis mottagit en kommunikation som ser till uppskjutandet av det toppmöte, när jag är din, kom min långt sist onsdag.
Som ämnena är ömsesidigt artikel med ensamrätt som jag hade utmaningen av att förbereda detta i en materia av timmar och, jag måste något att säga jag konsumerades djupt däri. Denna presentation är därför precis arbetet av en koppla ihop av dagar. Normalt ger jag min write-ups som någon tid till `mognar', sedan något av utfärdar och wordings kan behöva förfining.
I kommunikationen mottog jag från denna union, gjordes jag för att förstå att jag ska delar den samma plattformen som minister för ungdom och sportar. Därför utfärdar många av berört I siktades på på soliciting av specifika svar från honom.
Inledning
i Juli 2006, på det 7th det vanligaAUtoppmötet som rymdes i Banjul, Gambia, som i honom rymdes två månader efter den första det vanligaperioden av konferensen av minister i laddning av ungdommen i den afrikanska unionen (COMY), enheten av statschefar och regeringen signerade den afrikanska ungdomchartern och förklarade året 2008 som året av den afrikanska ungdommen och November 1 varje år som afrikansk ungdomdag. Och detta är rättvist ett år, för världen programmerar av handlingen för ungdommen (WPAY) reviderades från tio (10) tematiska områden till femton (15) tematiska områden.
Den afrikanska ungdommen som chartern informerades först av appellen från medlemmen, påstår allra för utvecklingen av en charter på deras toppmöte i Algiers i 1999. Detta förstärktes av det strategiskt planerar av kommissionen av den afrikanska unionen (2004-2007), som hade sex nyckel- mål viz.: att göra den afrikanska fackliga kommissionen starkare och mer svars-; att formulera en delad vision på Afrika framtid (speciellt ungdommen); för att främja och försvara Afrika placerar i materier av intresserar till kontinenten och dess folk; att bidra till Afrika kulturella strålglansen; att förhöja landskamp och regionalt samarbete; och att främja ett nytt medborgarskap som ankras på grundläggande Afrika, värderar och på kapacitetsinsatser och främjar starka och inbyggda ekonomier i Afrika.
Det är viktigt att notera här, att den afrikanska fackliga kommissionen har för en tid sedan förbättrats på ett AUmöte i Sirte, Libyen och är nu bekant som den afrikanska fackliga myndigheten. Det är förkroppsliga som laddas med genomförandet av den afrikanska ungdomchartern.
Kanske viktigast dela upp i faktorer bestämma för utvecklingen av chartern var statusen av den afrikanska ungdomrapporten 2005 som visade att `- ungdombucklan' i afrikanska befolkningar kunde vara ett viktigt tillfälle för att Afrika ska göra verkligt framsteg. Och skulle detta kräver ett avsiktlig försök och investering i ungdomutveckling över kontinenten.
Denna presentation ämnas för att markera vilka behov att göras av medlemmen påstår (också kallat statliga partier) för att se till att chartern tas in i konto i medborgare som utveckling som planerar som det påverkar ungdomar, och att se till att den genomföras på jämn through olik mekanism för medborgare och existerande medborgareutvecklingsramar.
Chartern
den afrikanska ungdomchartern är en grundläggande laglig ram som vägleder och som stöttar politik, programmerar och åtgärdar för ungdomutveckling och bemyndigande över Afrika. Chartern tilltalar rätterna och freedomsna, as well as välfärden, utvecklingen och ansvaret av ungdommen.
Artiklar 2 till 9 av chartern begår statliga partier för att garantera rätterna av ungdomar till den egna egenskapen, flyttningen fritt som, är uttryckliga sig själv, bundsförvanten fritt med andra medlemmar av samhället och för att öva, allt vad religion som de väljer. Det tilltalar vidare utfärdar släkt till ungdomutveckling, ungdomdeltagande i beslutsfattande, ungdompolitik (dokument), utbildning, hälsovård, armodförminskning, anställning, säkerhet, fritid och rekreation, miljön, kultur, ungdommen med handikapp, flickor utfärdar, ungdommen i diasporaen och rättsskipningen i artiklar 10 till 25.
Det markerar ansvaret av ungdommen angående deras egna utveckling och det av samhälle i artikel 26.
Chartern definierar ungdommen som någon individ mellan åldrarna av 15 och 35. Fördriva detta sätter för att vila utfärda av en klar definition för ungdom på kontinenten, det också lönelyfter som en andra mycket kritiska utfärdar angående personlig tillväxt och utveckling. Ungdommen är en övergångsperiod, och ungdomutveckling programmerar sätts in förlägger för att stötta ungdomar till och med denna övergångsperiod. Givet att livförväntning är markant låg för många länder. Med strömlivförväntningen av 50.5 år för kontinenten, och så low som 42 i Sierra Leone, någon under varför vi bör definiera att vara unga upp till åldern av 35? Och posera ifrågasätter efter: `, när gör individen, växer upp?',
`På vilken ålder dem därefter bidrar till medborgareutvecklingsförsök?',
`På vilken ålder, blir de därefter produktiv och takeansvar för deras egna wellbeing? '
Emellertid, givet, att ansvaret av ungdommen definieras i chartern, ger skyndar på den ett tillfälle för 15 till 35 år - olds till takeansvar för deras egna utveckling och de av deras samhällen och hopefully stega för den sammanlagda emancipationen av den afrikanska kontinenten.
Chartern kom in i styrka på 8 Augusti 2009, efter kvittera av den 15th ratificationen på 8 Juli 2009. Hitintills har 16 länder ratificerat chartern med Rwanda som är första och Nigeria som är det nyast.
Andra länder, som har ratificerat chartern, är: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
Gabon, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Libyen, Mali, Mauritius, Mocambique, Namibia, Niger, Sydafrika, Togo och Uganda; 32 länder har också undertecknat chartern. Och ditt vara värd landet, Ghana är though en undertecknare, är ännu att ratificera chartern.
Information har det att Angola och Zimbabwe båda har ratificerat chartern. Dessa ska ännu meddelas till AUkommissionen - förkroppsligaansvariga för att genomföra chartern inom strukturerar av AUEN. Vad återstår, är att sätta in förlägger den relevant mekanismen och strukturerar för att se till att chartern genomföras.
Genomförandet av chartern
på ett möte av 11 pilot- länder till för- popularisationen, ratificationen och
genomförandet av chartern som rymms i maj 2009, den afrikanska fackmedlemmen påstår skisserat bestämt villkorar under vilket chartern kan genomföras. Dessa inkluderar att all medlem påstår bör: ratificera chartern vid avsluta av året 2010; ha in att förlägga medborgareungdompolitik och handlingsplaner som tar in i konto och stöttar genomförandet av chartern (denna applicerar också till länder vars medborgareungdompolitik inte är i överensstämmelse med ungdomchartern); ha mekanism för att anmäla på framsteg som göras med genomförandet av ungdompolitik och, programmerar; och förstärk deras respektive representativt förkroppsligar för ungdom.
Således ger chartern basen för mer stor koordination vid den sektoriella departementansvariga för ungdommen (till exempel departement av ungdommen, anställning och utbildning bland andra), stunder som ger ungdommen med en bearbeta för advocacy och begäran för mer stor ansvarighet av regerings- arbete.
Första steg in mot genomförandet av chartern är att sätta in förlägger de relevant
ramarna och institutionerna som är nödvändigt för- statusen av ungdommen i varje statlig medlem.
Dessa inkluderar: institutionen av en regerings- departement- eller avdelningsansvarig för ungdomangelägenheter, institutionen av en medborgareungdom som coordinating, förkroppsligar (rådet eller federationen eller anslutningen, som fallet kan vara), utvecklingen av relevant ramar för medborgareungdomutveckling och tilldelningen av adekvat budget- resurser för ungdomutveckling.
Stunden Ghana har ett ungdomdepartement, och ett ungdområd, ett kan inte bäst berätta om statusen av landet med hänsyn till en ram för medborgareungdomutveckling. Med hänsyn till adekvat budget- service kan det noteras att bekymmer har lyftts om ersättningen av ungdomutvecklingsbudgetar för sportar. Detta i honom kan inte vänja till största vikt av ungdommen, sedan sportar på bäst löser två av det huvudsakligt utfärdar av ungdomutveckling, det är, fritid och rekreation för många och anställning för något.
Ett annat nyckel- kliver i genomförandet av chartern är behovet att komplettera försök som göras till och med skapelsen av brännpunkter inom det olikt, fodrar departement som påverkas av bestämmelserna av chartern, för att göra koordination över sektorer lättare.
För att förhöja planera, påstår chartern bör serven basen att arrangera i rak linje, medborgare som data-collection system av personer inom åldern sätter inom parantes av 15 till 35 över medlemmen. Och denna datasamling bör vara ett pågående bearbetar.
Det har finnas någon skenbar förvirring om hur man genomför chartern. Några länder har föreslaget som framkallar separata genomföranderamar för chartern, fördriver andra har indikerat att bestämmelserna av chartern har integrerats in i deras respektive medborgareungdompolitik. Emellertid pekar presentationen av Sydafrika kommissionen för medborgareungdommen i rätt riktning:
Markant, måste chartern genomföras inom ramen av existerande politik på den jämna medborgare, speciellt medborgareungdompolitiken.
Annan politik som ska anpassas, inkluderar konstitutionen as well as medborgarepolitikramar på mänsklig rättighet, vård-, utbildning, anställning och olika andra som uppsättningen ut mellan artiklar 2 och 25. Ghana har gjort betydligt väl med hänsyn till några av dessa indikatorer. För anföra som exempel beslutet för att avskaffa förskjutningssystemet, introducerar capitationlån, och skolamatningen programmerar i grundläggande skolar är mest berömvärd. Landet kan inte mässabrunnen i dess `- calypsodans' med understödja cyklar utbildning, som har observerats av många. Och jag har kommenterat omfattande på anställningläget i en write-up som jag varade månad på orsaka av landskampungdomdagen.
Expertnågot att säga, om genomförandet av chartern integreras in i annan medborgarepolitik, ska länder åsamka sig litet eller inget extra budget- kostar. Lagstadgade budget- tilldelningar i de olika sektorerna ämnas ofta för att ge servar till den hela befolkningen. Emellertid i att genomföra bestämmelserna av ungdomchartern, måste varje sektor uppehället i åtanke behovet att skapa närmare detalj servar för ungdomar mellan åldrarna av 15 och 35 inom den sektor.
För anföra som exempel hälsovård måste ta in i konto som behovet för denna ålder sätter inom parantes för att ta fram skräddarsydda reproduktiva hälsovård.
Se till det servar är skräddarsytt kräver att stamgästutbildningen, som mottas av tjänste- personaler, det är utbildning programmerar betytt för bemanna av den tillämpbara institutionen, take in i kontoutbildning för dessa ungdom-närmare detalj utfärdar, utan att skapa som är nytt programmerar.
I benämner av utbildning, och expertisutvecklingsutbildning, uppsätta som mål de främst på ungdommen. Emellertid behöver mer att göras för att se till att programmeetsna marknadsför begärningar. Och dessa kan göras inom den breda ramen av utbildningssektorreformer.
Kritisk man ifrågasätter som har upprepats flera tider är: är den afrikanska ungdomchartern lösningen till Afrika problem för ungdomutveckling? Svaret är båda ja och nr.en. Svaret är ja, därför att på den very minimien chartern ger basen för ungdomar till förkämpen för deras rätter, och den ska serve som den vägleda ramen för ungdomutveckling. I huvudsak ska chartern också serve hjälpmedlet att vägleda långsiktigt planera på ungdomutveckling. Det är för något resonerar inte, och en av den är att en är ännu att sikta en bestämmelse av chartern som talar om informations- och kommunikationsteknologi (ICT). Icke desto mindre är det ett djärvt och självsäkert dokument för framkallning av ungdommen av Afrika som
du kan återkalla att åren 2009 till 2018 har förklarats som årtiondet på ungdomutveckling i Afrika redan. Det förväntas att detta många ska hjälp medlemmen påstår till funderare som är långsiktig i deras planera för ungdomutveckling. Många påstår medlemmen har medborgare att planera horisontuppsättningen ganska långt i framtiden. Till exempel har Botswana deras spänna över upp till 2016, Nigeria, all har Rwanda och Malawi det som är fastställdt up-to 2020 och upp till 2030 för Zambia. Således utfärdar chartern ska hjälpen dessa länder som integrerar ungdommen, inom deras långsiktiga medborgareutvecklingsramar.
En planera av handlingen för åren 2009 till 2018 framkallas också av AUkommissionen, som är faktiskt genomförandet, och övervakning förkroppsligar för den afrikanska ungdommen som, chartern inom strukturerar av AUEN, som hjälpmedel till för- genomförandet av ungdomchartern över det nästa årtiondet. Detta som markant ska, ger mer ytterligare vägledning till arbetet av medlemmen påstår.
Den afrikanska ungdomchartern garanterar deltagande av ungdomar i parlament. Detta begår medlemmen påstår för att garantera ett nummer av placerar för ungdommen som använder ett kvotsystem. Detta är redan fungerande i några länder. Och här är Uganda och Rwanda bra exempel.
Kvoteringen måste genomföras på medborgare som är jämn angående ungdomdeltagande, och denna måste göras i som långt struktureras, som del av medborgareutvecklingspolitik. Mer och mer tar ungdomaren ledarskap på deras eget benämner, och leda ändringen bearbetar i deras länder. De bör ges en riskera som deltar.
I Ghana har vi endast nämnt en medborgareungdomparlament, inte ens kvotsystemet, och den är ännu att motta någon gynnsam uppmärksamhet, sedan vi hade en falsk parlament i Februari 2007. Jag har precis informerats att parlamentet av Ghana samlade några deltagare från institutioner i Accra den sist tisdagen på utfärda av konfliktupplösning. Det är tydligt att mer ought att göras för att accelerera stega av ungdomutveckling.
Kvoteringen bör också uppsätta som mål arbetet marknadsför. Arbetslöshetstal i Afrika är markant kicken. Detta är ett riktaresultat av svaga utbildningssystem och är en rikta orsakar av armod, som kör många samkväm och hälsoproblem. På grund av denna anslutning mellan anställning och utbildning måste utbildningssystem formas för att möta marknadsför begärningar och inte rättvis utbildning för saken av läs-och skrivkunnighet och numeracy.
Tillfällen måste också ges till ungdomaren för att framkalla expertis som stunder på skolar för att möjliggöra dem får jobb, omgående de lämnar för att skola.
Detta kan göras, genom att adoptera och att genomföra kvotering, angående anställningpolitik.
Utbildning måste göras tillgänglig till vår ungdomar, och försök att ge lån, lån och något liknande måste utvidgas. För de, som besvärar för att veta, kan du finna min write-up på studielån som publiceras i dagstidningen som är grafisk i jumbon, inkvarterar av användbar 2005. Förmiddag som I betraktar att publicera det på min blog för ditt lätt, tar fram.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
Африканское соединение и хартия молодости Afican
Automatically translated into Russian thanks to WorldLingo
БУМАГА SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA НА ТЕМЕ: `АФРИКАНСКОЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЕ И АФРИКАНСКАЯ ХАРТИЯ МОЛОДОСТИ' ПРЕДСТАВЛЕННЫЕ НА САММИТЕ ОРГАНИЗОВАННОМ ВСЕМ СОЕДИНЕНИЕМ СТУДЕНТОВ АФРИКИ В ACCRA НА ТЕМЕ: `АФРИКАНСКАЯ ХАРТИЯ МОЛОДОСТИ И ПОВЕСТКА ДНЯ NKRUMAH' 19-ОГО СЕНТЯБРЯ 2009 НА ЦЕНТРЕ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ ACCRA.
АФРИКАНСКОЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЕ И АФРИКАНСКАЯ ХАРТИЯ МОЛОДОСТИ: За Banjul; Вопросы в снабжать африканского га-н руководителя
хартии молодости,
камрадов от братии управление студентов',
дамы и господа,
я был унижен приглашением удлиненным к мне этой благородной организацией для того чтобы поставить бумагу на африканской хартии молодости. Я первоначально был представлен счет для того чтобы поставить бумагу на саммите молодости на более последней дате на месте далеко от моего homeland, Ганы. И я как раз получил сообщение refer to задержка того саммита когда твое пришло моя дорога последняя среда.
По мере того как темами будут взаимоисключени, котор я имел возможность подготовлять это в деле часов и я должен сказать я глубоки было уничтожено в том. Этим представлением будет поэтому как раз работа пары дней. Нормальн я даю моим write-ups некоторое время к `возмужалому' в виду того что некоторые из вопросов и wordings могут уточнение.
В сообщении я получил от этого соединения, я был сделан для того чтобы понять что я буду делить такую же платформу как министр для молодости и спортов. Поэтому много из вопросов, котор я коснулся дальше были aim at ходатайствуя специфически реакциями от его.
Введение
в июле 2006, на 7th обычный саммит держат в Banjul, Гамбию AU, котор, которая в действительности держалась через 2 месяца после первой обычной встречи конференции министров in charge of молодость в африканском соединении (COMY), Ассамблея глав государств и правительств завизировало африканскую хартию молодости и объявило год 2008 как год африканских молодости и 1-ое ноября каждый год как африканский день молодости. И это справедливо год прежде чем программа мира действия для молодости (WPAY) была откорректирована от 10 (10) тематических зон до 15 (15) тематических OBLASTей.
Африканская хартия молодости была сообщенное первым делом из звоноком от статусов члена для развития хартии на их саммите в Algiers в 1999. Это было усилено стратегическим планом комиссии африканского соединения (2004-2007), которое имело 6 ключевых задач viz.: сделать африканскую комиссию соединения сильно и более отзывчиво; сформулировать, котор делят зрение на будущем Африки (специально молодости); повысить и защитить положения Африки в делах интереса к материку и своим людям; способствовать к сиянию Африки культурному; увеличить международное и регионарное сотрудничество; и повысить новое подданство поставленное на якорь на основных стоимостях Африки, и на инициативах представления, и повысить сильные и интегрированные экономии в Африке.
Важно заметить здесь что африканская комиссия соединения недавн была модернизирована на встрече AU в Sirte, Ливия и теперь известно как африканский авторитет соединения. Будет телом порученным с вставкой африканской хартии молодости.
Возможно самым важным обусловливая фактором для развития хартии было состояние африканского отчета о 2005 молодости показал что выпуклиной молодости `' в африканских населенностях смогла быть значительно возможность для Африки сделать реальный прогресс. И это требовало бы нарочито усилия и облечения в развитии молодости через материк.
Это представление предназначено выделить что потребности быть сделанным также вызванными статусами члена (государства-участниками договора) для того чтобы обеспечить что хартия учтена в запланировании национального развития по мере того как она влияет на молодых людей, и обеспечить что она снабжено на национальном уровне через по-разному механизмы и existing рамки национального развития.
Хартией
африканская хартия молодости будет основная правовая структура для того чтобы направить и поддержать политики, программы и действия для развития и empowerment молодости через Африку. Хартия адресует права и свободы, также, как благосостояние, развитие и ответственности молодости.
Статьи 2 до 9 хартии поручают государства-участники договора для того чтобы гарантировать права молодых людей к собственному свойству, двигают свободно, выражают, сподвижницу свободно с другими членами общества и напрактиковать любое вероисповедание они выбирает. Оно более добавочно адресует вопросы отнесенные к развитию молодости, участию молодости в процессе принятия решений, политике молодости (документам), образованию, медицинскому соревнованию, уменьшению скудости, занятости, обеспеченности, отдыху и воссозданию, окружающей среде, культуре, молодости с инвалидностью, вопросам девушок', молодости в diaspora и обеспечения соблюдения законов в статьях 10 до 25.
Оно выделяет ответственности молодости относительно их собственного развития и того из общества в статье 26.
Хартия определяет молодость как нисколько индивидуал между временами 15 и 35. Пока это кладет для того чтобы отдохнуть вопрос ясное определение для молодости на материке, оно также поднимает другой очень критически вопрос относительно личных роста и развития. Молодостью будет переходный период, и программы развития молодости положены in place для того чтобы поддержать молодых людей через этот переходный период. Дали что жизненные ожидания значительно низки для много стран. С в настоящее время жизненными ожиданиями 50.5 лет для материка, и как низко как 42 в Сьерра-Леоне, некоторый интерес почему мы должны определить быть молоды до времени 35? И представьте following вопросы: `Когда делает индивидуала растет вверх?'
`На что время они после этого способствует к усилиям национального развития?'
`На что время делает они после этого будут ответственность производительных и взятия для их собственного wellbeing? '
Однако, после того как мне дала что ответственности молодости определены в хартии, она обеспечивает возможность на от 15 до 35 год - olds к ответственности взятия для их собственного развития и тех их обществ, и hopefully quicken побежка для полного раскрепощения африканского материка.
Хартия come into усилие 8-ого августа 2009, следующ за получением 15th утверждения 8-ого июля 2009. To date, 16 стран ратифицировали хартию при Руанда первым и Нигерией самыми недавними.
Другие страны ратифицировали хартию являются следующими: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
Габон, Гамбия, Гвинея-Бисау, Ливия, Мали, Маврикий, Мозамбик, Намибия, Нигерия, Южная Африка, Того и Уганда; 32 страны также подписывали хартию. И ваше страна местонахождения, Гана однако будет signatory, должно пока ратифицировать хартию.
Информация имеет его что Ангола и Зимбабве оба ратифицировали хартии. Эти должны пока быть связанным к комиссии AU - телу ответственному для снабжать хартию внутри структуры AU. Остает должна положить in place уместные механизмы и структуры для того чтобы обеспечить что хартия снабжена.
Вставка хартии
на встрече 11 пилотной страны для того чтобы выдвинуть популяризацию, утверждение и
вставку хартии, котор держат в мае 2009, африканский члена профсоюза заявляет конспектированные некоторые условия под которыми хартию можно снабдить. Эти вклюают что все статусы члена: ратифицируйте хартию by the end of год 2010; имейте in place национальные политики и программы действий молодости учитывают и поддерживают вставку хартии (это также применяется к странам национальные политики молодости не in compliance with хартия молодости); имейте механизмы для сообщать на прогрессе сделанном с осуществлением политики и программы молодости; и усильте их соответственно представительные органы для молодости.
Таким образом хартия обеспечивает основу для большой координации секторальными министерствами ответственными для молодости (например министерств молодости, занятости и образования среди других), пока обеспечивающ молодости с инструментом для advocacy и требования для большой отчетности работы правительства.
Первый шаг к вставке хартии должно положить in place уместные
рамки и заведения необходимо для того чтобы выдвинуть состояние молодости в каждом статусе члена.
Эти вклюают: заведение министерства или отдела правительства ответственных для дел молодости, заведения тела национальной молодости coordinating (совет или федерирование или ассоциация в зависимости от обстоятельств), развития уместных национальных рамок развития молодости, и распределения подходящих бюджетных ресурсов для развития молодости.
Whilst Гана имеет министерство молодости и совет молодости, одно не может наиболее наилучшим образом сказать о состоянии страны по отношению к национальным рамкам развития молодости. По отношению к подходящей бюджетной поддержке, оно может быть замечено что были подняты заботы о замещении бюджетей развития молодости для спортов. Это в действительности не может inure к наилучшим процентам молодости в виду того что спорты в лучшем разрешают 2 из главных вопросов развития, that is, отдыха и воссоздания для много и занятости молодости для некоторого.
Другим ключевым шагом в вставку хартии будет потребность укомплектовать усилия сделанные через творение центров фокуса в пределах разнообразных министерств линии повлиянных на обеспечениями хартии, для того чтобы облегчить координацию через участки.
Для того чтобы увеличить запланирование, хартия должна служить основа для того чтобы выровнять национальные data-collection системы людей внутри кронштейн времени 15 к 35 через статусы члена. И этим собранием данных должно быть ongoing процесс.
Была некоторая кажась запутанность о как снабдить хартию. Некоторые страны предложили начать отдельно рамки вставкы для хартии, пока другие показывали что обеспечения хартии были интегрированы в их соответственно национальные политики молодости. Однако, представление комиссией молодости Южной Африки национальной указывает в правое направление:
Более значительно, хартию необходимо снабдить within the framework of existing политики на национальном уровне, специально национальной политике молодости.
Другие политики, котор нужно приспособиться вклюают конституцию также, как рамки национального режима на правах человека, здоровье, образовании, занятости и различных других как set out между статьями 2 и 25. Гана делала значительно наилучшим образом по отношению к некоторым из этих индикаторов. For instance решение для того чтобы отменить систему смен, вводит дар capitation и программа школы подавая в основных школах commendable. Страна не может справедливо наилучшим образом в своей танцульке калипса `' с вторым образованием цикла как наблюдает много. И я комментировал обширно на ситуации занятости в write-up, котор я сделал последний месяц on the occasion of международный день молодости.
Специалисты говорят если вставка хартии интегрирована в другие национальные режимы, то, страны произведут little or no экстренные бюджетные цены. ОН скульптурно бюджетные распределения в по-разному участках часто предназначены снабдить обслуживания все население. Однако, в снабжать обеспечения хартии молодости, каждый участок должен держать в разуме потребность создать конкретные виды обслуживания для молодых людей между временами 15 и 35 внутри тот участок.
For instance медицинские обслуживания должны учесть потребность для этого кронштейна времени достигнуть tailor-made воспроизводственных медицинских обслуживаний.
Обеспечивающ что обслуживания tailor-made требуйте что регулярно тренировками получены обслуживающими персоналами, тем будут намереваемые программы тренировки для штата применимого заведения, учтите тренировку для этих молодост-специфически вопросов без создавать новые программы.
In terms of тренировка образования и развития искусств, они главным образом пристрелны на молодости. Однако, больше нужно быть сделанным для того чтобы обеспечить что учебная программа соотвествует требования рынка. И эти можно сделать внутри обширные рамки реформ участка образования.
Один критически вопрос был повторен несколько времен является следующим: будет африканской хартией молодости разрешение к проблемам развития молодости Африки? Ответом будет обоими да и нет. Ответ да потому что на самое меньшее хартия снабубежит основу для молодых людей защитник для их прав и она будет служить как направляя рамки для развития молодости. Обширно, хартия также будет служить середины направить долгосрочное запланирование на развитии молодости. Оно не для некоторых причин и одно из его что одно должно пока завизировать обеспечение хартии talk about информационная технология (ICT). Тем не менее будет смелейшим и ассерторическим документом для начинать молодость Африки, котор
вы можете вспомнить что леты 2009 до 2018 были объявлены как декада на развитии молодости в Африке уже. Предположено что это поможет много статусов члена для того чтобы думать долгосрочность в их запланировании развития молодости. Много статусов члена имеют национальные периоды планирования установленные довольно далекими in the future. Например, Ботсвана имеет theirs spanning up to 2016, Нигерия, Руанда и Малави все имеют его установленное до 2020, и up to 2030 для Замбии. Таким образом хартия поможет этим странам для того чтобы интегрировать проблема молодежи внутри их долгосрочные рамки национального развития.
Плано действий на леты 2009 до 2018 также начинается комиссией AU, которая будет фактическ вставка и тело контролировать для африканской хартии молодости внутри структуры AU, как середины выдвинуть вставку хартии молодости над следующей декадой. Это значительно снабдит более дальнеишее наведение работа статусов члена.
Африканская хартия молодости гарантирует участие молодых людей в парламенте. Это поручает статусы члена для того чтобы гарантировать несколько места для молодости использующ систему квот. Это уже рабоче в некоторых странах. И здесь Уганда и Руанда будут хорошими примерами.
Утвердительное действие необходимо снабдить на национальном уровне относительно участия молодости, и это необходимо сделать в составленной дороге, как часть политики национального развития. Все больше и больше, молодые люди принимают водительство на их собственных терминах и водят процессы изменения в их странах. Они SLEDUET дать шанс участвовать.
В Гане мы только упоминали национального парламента молодости, для того чтобы не выровнять систему квот, и оно должно пока получить любой благосклоння внимание в виду того что мы имели mock парламента в феврале 2007. Я как раз был сообщен что парламент Ганы собрал некоторых студентов от заведений в Accra последний вторник на вопросе улаживание конфликта. Оно очевидно что больше ought быть сделаны ускоряют ход побежки развития молодости.
Утвердительное действие должно также пристрелть рынока труда. Проценты безработных в Африке значительно высоки. Это будет прямой результат слабых систем образования, и будет сразу причина скудости, которая управляет много проблем социальных и здоровья. Из-за этого соединения между занятостью и образованием, системы образования необходимо сформировать для того чтобы встретить требования рынка и справедливое образование for the sake of грамотность и numeracy.
Возможности необходимо также снабдить, что молодые люди начали искусства пока на школе включить их получите работы немедленно, котор они выходят школа.
Это может быть сделано путем принятие и снабжать утвердительного действия, относительно политик занятости.
Образование необходимо сделать доступно к нашим молодым людям, и усилия обеспечить займы, дары и cThe cLike необходимо расширить. Для тех докучают знать, вы можете считать мой write-up на займах студента опубликованных в ежедневном графике в последней четверти 2005 полезно. Я рассматриваю опубликовать его на моем blog для вашего легкого доступа.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
Afrikaanse Unie en het Handvest van de Jeugd Afican
Automatically translated into Dutch thanks to WorldLingo
EEN DOCUMENT DOOR SAEED MUSAH-KHALEEPHA OP HET ONDERWERP: `DE AFRIKAANSE UNIE EN HET AFRIKAANSE HANDVEST VAN DE JEUGD' DAT BIJ EEN TOP WORDT VOORGELEGD DIE DOOR DE AL STUDENTENVERENIGING VAN AFRIKA IN ACCRA OP HET THEMA WORDT GEORGANISEERD: `HET AFRIKAANSE HANDVEST VAN DE JEUGD EN DE NKRUMAH- AGENDA' OP 19 SEPTEMBER, 2009 OP HET ACCRA CENTRUM VAN DE INTERNATIONALE CONFERENTIE.
DE AFRIKAANSE UNIE EN HET AFRIKAANSE HANDVEST VAN DE JEUGD: Voorbij Banjul; Kwesties in het uitvoeren van Afrikaanse Mijnheer de voorzitter van het Handvest
van de Jeugd,
Kameraden van de broederlijkheid het Bestuur van van Studenten',
Dames en heren,
ben ik humbled door de uitnodiging geweest die tot me door deze edele organisatie wordt uitgebreid een document op het Afrikaanse Handvest van de Jeugd te leveren. Ik werd aanvankelijk gefactureerd om een document bij een de jeugdtop op een recentere datum op een plaats vanaf mijn geboorteland, Ghana te leveren. En ik had net een mededeling ontvangen die naar het uitstel van die top verwijst toen van u mijn manier vorige Woensdag kwam.
Aangezien de onderwerpen wederzijds exclusief zijn had ik de uitdaging van het voorbereiden van dit in een kwestie van uren en ik moet zeggen ik diep in dat werd verbruikt. Deze presentatie is daarom enkel het werk van een paar dagen. Normaal geef ik mijn verslagen wat tijd aan rijpe `' aangezien enkele kwesties en verwoording verbetering kunnen vergen.
In de mededeling die ik van deze unie heb ontvangen, werd ik gemaakt om te begrijpen dat ik het zelfde platform zoals de Minister voor de Jeugd en Sporten zal delen. Daarom werden veel van de kwesties die ik gehad gericht op gericht op het verzoeken van specifieke reacties van hem.
De inleiding
in Juli 2006, bij de 7de gewone top van Au die in Banjul, Gambia wordt gehouden, dat op zichzelf twee maanden na de eerste gewone zitting van de Conferentie van Ministers verantwoordelijk voor de Jeugd in de Afrikaanse Unie (COMY) werd gehouden, de Assemblage van Staatshoofden En Overheid onderschreef het Afrikaanse Handvest van de Jeugd en verklaarde het jaar 2008 als jaar van de Afrikaanse jeugd en 1 November elk jaar als Afrikaanse Dag van de Jeugd. En dit is enkel een jaar alvorens het Programma van de Wereld van Actie voor de Jeugd (WPAY) van tien (10) thematische gebieden aan vijftien (15) thematische gebieden werd herzien.
Het Afrikaanse Handvest van de Jeugd werd geïnformeerd eerst en vooral door de vraag van lidstaten voor de ontwikkeling van een handvest bij hun top in Algiers in 1999. Dit werd versterkt door het strategische plan van de Commissie van de Afrikaanse Unie (2004-2007), die zes zeer belangrijke doelstellingen namelijk had: om de Afrikaanse Commissie van de Unie sterker en ontvankelijker te maken; om een gedeelde visie op de toekomst van Afrika te formuleren (vooral de jeugd); om de posities van Afrika in kwesties te bevorderen en te verdedigen van belang voor het continent en zijn mensen; om tot de culturele uitstraling van Afrika bij te dragen; om internationale en regionale samenwerking te verbeteren; en om een nieuw burgerschap te bevorderen dat op de basiswaarden van Afrika, en op prestatiesinitiatieven wordt verankerd, en sterke en geïntegreerdee economieën in Afrika te bevorderen.
Het is belangrijk om hier op te merken dat de Afrikaanse Commissie van de Unie onlangs op een vergadering van Au in Sirte is bevorderd, Libië en is nu genoemd geworden Afrikaanse Instantie van de Unie. Het is het lichaam dat met de tenuitvoerlegging van het Afrikaanse Handvest van de Jeugd wordt belast.
Misschien was de belangrijkste bepalende factor voor de ontwikkeling van het Handvest de status van Afrikaans Rapport 2005 van de Jeugd dat aantoonde dat de `de jeugdzwelling' in Afrikaanse bevolking een significante kans voor Afrika zou kunnen zijn om echte vooruitgang te boeken. En dit zou een weloverwogen inspanning en een investering in de jeugdontwikkeling over het continent vereisen.
Deze presentatie is bedoeld om te benadrukken wat door de lidstaten (moet worden gedaan ook genoemd de Partijen van de Staat) ervoor zorgen dat het Handvest in nationale ontwikkeling plannend aangezien het jonge mensen beïnvloedt, en om ervoor te zorgen in acht wordt genomen dat het op nationaal niveau door verschillende mechanismen en bestaand nationale ontwikkelingskader wordt uitgevoerd.
Het handvest
het Afrikaanse Handvest van de Jeugd is een fundamenteel juridisch kader om beleid, programma's en acties voor de jeugdontwikkeling en empowerment over Afrika te leiden en te steunen. Het handvest richt de rechten en de vrijheden, evenals het welzijn, de ontwikkeling en de verantwoordelijkheden van de jeugd.
Artikelen 2 tot 9 van het Handvest begaat staatspartijen om de rechten van jonge mensen te waarborgen zich bezit te bezitten, vrij te bewegen, vrij uit te drukken, met andere leden van de maatschappij en aan praktijk te associëren de godsdienst zij kiezen. Het behandelt verder de kwesties met betrekking tot de jeugdontwikkeling, de jeugdparticipatie in besluit - het maken, de jeugdbeleid (documenten), onderwijs, gezondheidszorg, armoedevermindering, werkgelegenheid, veiligheid, vrije tijd en recreatie, milieu, cultuur, de jeugd gehandicapte, meisjes' kwesties, de jeugd in diaspora en wetshandhaving in Artikelen 10 tot 25.
Het benadrukt de verantwoordelijkheden van de jeugd betreffende hun eigen ontwikkeling en dat van de maatschappij in Artikel 26.
Het handvest defini�ërt de jeugd als om het even welk individu tussen de leeftijden van 15 en 35. Terwijl dit zet om de kwestie van een duidelijke definitie voor de jeugd op het continent te rusten, bespreekt het ook een andere zeer kritieke kwestie betreffende de persoonlijke groei en ontwikkeling. De jeugd bent een overgangsperiode, en de programma's van de de jeugdontwikkeling worden gezet op zijn plaats om jonge mensen door deze overgangsperiode te steunen. Gezien de het levensverwachting voor vele landen beduidend laag is. Met de huidige het levensverwachting van 50.5 jaar voor het continent, en zo laag zoals 42 in Sierra Leone, wat wonder waarom wij jong het zijn zouden moeten bepalen tot de leeftijd van 35? En stel de volgende vragen: `Wanneer het individu?' groeit
`Op welke tijd zij toen tot nationale ontwikkelingsinspanningen?' bijdragen
`Op welke tijd zij geworden dan productief en de verantwoordelijkheid voor hun eigen welzijn nemen? '
Nochtans, gezien de verantwoordelijkheden van de jeugd in het Handvest wordt bepaald, biedt het een mogelijkheid 15 tot 35 jaar - olds om de verantwoordelijkheid voor hun eigen ontwikkeling en die van hun maatschappijen te nemen, en hopelijk het tempo voor de totale emancipatie van het Afrikaanse continent te versnellen.
Het handvest werd op 8 Augustus 2009, na het ontvangstbewijs van de 15de bekrachtiging op 8 Juli 2009 van kracht. Tot op heden, hebben 16 landen het Handvest met Rwanda bekrachtigd dat de eerste en Nigeria die het meest recent zijn is.
Andere landen die het Handvest hebben bekrachtigd zijn: Burkina Faso, Djibouti,
Gabon, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Libië, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibië, Niger, Zuid-Afrika, Togo en Oeganda; 32 landen hebben ook het Handvest ondertekend. En uw gastheerland, Ghana niettemin is een ondertekenende partij, is het Handvest nog te bekrachtigen.
De informatie heeft het dat Angola en Zimbabwe allebei het Handvest hebben bekrachtigd. Deze moeten nog aan de Commissie van Au worden meegedeeld - de instantie verantwoordelijk voor het ten uitvoer leggen van het Handvest binnen de structuren van Au. Wat blijft moet de relevante mechanismen en de structuren op zijn plaats zetten om ervoor te zorgen dat het Handvest ten uitvoer wordt gelegd.
De tenuitvoerlegging van het Handvest
op een vergadering van 11 proeflanden om de popularisering, bekrachtiging en tenuitvoerlegging
van het Handvest vooruit te gaan die in Mei 2009 wordt de de gehouden, de Afrikaanse lidstaten van de Unie schetste bepaalde voorwaarden waarop het Handvest kan worden ten uitvoer gelegd. Deze omvatten dat alle lidstaten zouden moeten: bekrachtig het Handvest tegen het eind van het jaar 2010; heb op zijn plaats nationale de jeugdbeleid en actieplannen dat rekening houden en met de tenuitvoerlegging van het Handvest steunen (dit is ook op landen van toepassing het van wie nationale de jeugdbeleid niet overeenkomstig het Handvest van de Jeugd is); heb mechanismen om over vooruitgang te rapporteren die met de tenuitvoerlegging van de jeugdbeleid en programma's wordt geboekt; en versterk hun respectieve representatieve organismen voor de jeugd.
Aldus vormt het Handvest de basis voor grotere coördinatie door sectorale ministeries verantwoordelijk voor de jeugd (bijvoorbeeld ministeries van de jeugd, werkgelegenheid en onderwijs onder anderen), terwijl het voorzien van de jeugd van een hulpmiddel voor bepleiten en vraag naar grotere verantwoordingsplicht van het overheidswerk.
De eerste stap naar de tenuitvoerlegging van het Handvest is het relevante kader en
de instellingen op zijn plaats te zetten dat nodig zijn om het statuut van de jeugd in elke lidstaat vooruit te gaan.
Deze omvatten: de instelling van een een overheidsministerie of afdeling verantwoordelijk voor de jeugdzaken, de instelling van een nationale de jeugd coördinerende instelling (raad of federatie of vereniging zoals het geval kan zijn), de ontwikkeling van het relevante nationale kader van de de jeugdontwikkeling, en de toewijzing van adequate begrotingsmiddelen voor de jeugdontwikkeling.
Terwijl Ghana een Ministerie van de Jeugd en de Raad van de Jeugd heeft, kan men niet het best over de status van het land met betrekking tot een Nationaal kader van de Ontwikkeling van de Jeugd vertellen. Met betrekking tot adequate begrotingssteun, kan men opmerken dat de zorgen over de substitutie van de begrotingen van de de jeugdontwikkeling voor sporten zijn opgeheven. Dit op zichzelf kan niet inure aan de beste belangen van de jeugd aangezien de sporten in het gunstigste geval twee van de belangrijkste kwesties van de jeugdontwikkeling, namelijk vrije tijd en recreatie voor veel en werkgelegenheid voor wat oplost.
Een andere zeer belangrijke stap in de tenuitvoerlegging van het Handvest is de behoefte om inspanningen aan te vullen die door de verwezenlijking van steunpunten binnen de diverse lijnministeries worden geleverd die door de bepalingen van het Handvest worden beïnvloed, coördinatie over sectoren te vergemakkelijken.
Om planning te verbeteren, zou het Handvest de basis moeten dienen om nationale verzamelings van gegevenssystemen van personen binnen de leeftijdsgroep van 15 tot 35 over lidstaten te richten. En deze gegevensinzameling zou een aan de gang zijnde proces moeten zijn.
Er is wat schijnende verwarring over hoe te om het Handvest ten uitvoer te leggen geweest. Sommige landen hebben voorgesteld om afzonderlijk implementatiekader voor het Handvest te ontwikkelen, terwijl anderen erop hebben gewezen dat de bepalingen van het Handvest in hun respectief nationaal de jeugdbeleid zijn geïntegreerd). Nochtans, wijst de presentatie door Commissie van de Jeugd van Zuid-Afrika de Nationale in de juiste richting:
Meer beduidend, moet het Handvest in het kader van bestaand beleid op het nationaal niveau, vooral het Nationale Beleid van de Jeugd worden ten uitvoer gelegd.
Ander aan te passen beleid omvat het grondwet evenals nationaal beleid kader op rechten van de mens, gezondheid, onderwijs, werkgelegenheid en diverse anderen zoals opgesteld tussen Artikelen 2 en 25. Ghana heeft aanzienlijk goed met betrekking tot sommige van deze indicatoren gedaan. Bijvoorbeeld is het besluit om het verschuivingssysteem af te schaffen, de capitation toelage en het school het voeden programma in basisscholen introduceren het prijzenswaardigst. Het land kan niet eerlijk goed in zijn `calypsodans' met tweede cyclusonderwijs zoals door velen is waargenomen. En ik heb uitgebreid op de werkgelegenheidssituatie in een verslag commentaar gegeven dat ik vorige maand ter gelegenheid van de Internationale Dag van de Jeugd heb gedaan.
De deskundigen zeggen als de tenuitvoerlegging van het Handvest in ander nationaal beleid geïntegreerde is, zullen de landen weinig of geen extra begrotingskosten oplopen. De statutaire begrotingstoewijzingen in de verschillende sectoren zijn vaak bedoeld om de diensten aan de volledige bevolking te verlenen. Nochtans, in het ten uitvoer leggen van de bepalingen van het Handvest van de Jeugd, moet elke sector in mening de behoefte houden om de specifieke diensten voor jonge mensen tussen de leeftijden van 15 en 35 binnen die sector tot stand te brengen.
Bijvoorbeeld Moeten de gezondheidsdiensten met de behoefte aan deze leeftijdsgroep rekening houden om tot op maat gemaakte reproductieve gezondheidsdiensten toegang te hebben.
Ervoor zorgend dat de diensten op maat gemaakt zijn vereis dat de regelmatige opleiding die door de dienstpersoneel worden ontvangen, dat trainingsprogramma's die voor het personeel van de toepasselijke instelling worden bedoeld is, met opleiding voor deze jeugd-specifieke kwesties rekening houden zonder nieuwe programma's te creëren.
In termen van onderwijs en van de vaardighedenontwikkeling opleiding, worden zij hoofdzakelijk gericht bij de jeugd. Nochtans, meer behoeften te doen ervoor zorgen dat het leerplan markteisen ontmoet. En deze kunnen binnen het brede kader van de hervormingen van de onderwijssector worden gedaan.
Één kritieke vraag die meerdere keren is herhaald is: is het Afrikaanse Handvest van de Jeugd de oplossing voor de problemen van de de jeugdontwikkeling van Afrika? Het antwoord is allebei ja en nr. Het antwoord is ja omdat het Handvest als strikt minimum de basis voor jonge mensen om voor hun rechten vormt te bepleiten en het zal als leidend kader voor de jeugdontwikkeling dienen. In het algemeen genomen, zal het Handvest ook de middelen dienen om planning op lange termijn bij de de jeugdontwikkeling te leiden. Het is nr om sommige redenen en één van het is dat men een bepaling van het Handvest moet nog waarnemen dat over Informatie- en communicatietechnolgie (ICT) spreekt. Niettemin is het een gewaagd en assertief document voor het ontwikkelen van de jeugd van Afrika
u kunt eraan herinneren dat de jaren 2009 tot 2018 als decennium bij de de jeugdontwikkeling in Afrika reeds zijn verklaard. Men verwacht dat dit vele lidstaten om op lange termijn zal bijstaan te denken in hun de jeugdontwikkeling planning. Vele lidstaten hebben nationale planningshorizonnen geplaatst vrij in de toekomst ver. Bijvoorbeeld, heeft Botswana theirs die tot 2016, Nigeria overspannen, hebben Rwanda en Malawi allen het geplaatst up-to 2020, en tot 2030 voor Zambia. Aldus zal het Handvest deze landen bijstaan om de jeugdkwesties binnen hun nationale ontwikkelingskader te integreren op lange termijn.
Een actieplan voor de jaren 2009 tot 2018 wordt ook ontwikkeld door de Commissie van Au, die eigenlijk de implementatie en het controlerende lichaam voor het Afrikaanse Handvest van de Jeugd binnen de structuren van Au, als middel is om de tenuitvoerlegging van het Handvest van de Jeugd tijdens het volgende decennium vooruit te gaan. Dit zal beduidend verdere raad aan het werk van lidstaten geven.
Het Afrikaanse Handvest van de Jeugd waarborgt de participatie van jonge mensen in het parlement. Dit begaat lidstaten om een aantal zetels voor de jeugd te waarborgen gebruikend een contingenteringsstelsel. Dit is reeds operationeel in sommige landen. En hier zijn Oeganda en Rwanda goede voorbeelden.
De bevestigende actie moet op nationaal niveau betreffende de jeugdparticipatie worden uitgevoerd, en dit moet op een gestructureerde manier, als deel van nationale ontwikkelingsbeleid worden gedaan. Meer en meer, nemen de jonge mensen leiding onder hun eigen voorwaarden en leiden de veranderingsprocessen in hun landen. Zij zouden een kans moeten worden gegeven deel te nemen.
In Ghana hebben wij slechts het Nationaal Parlement van de Jeugd, niet zelfs het contingenteringsstelsel vermeld, en het moet om het even welke gunstige aandacht nog krijgen aangezien wij het onecht Parlement in Februari 2007 hadden. Ik ben net geïnformeerd2 dat het Parlement van Ghana sommige studenten van instellingen in Accra vorige Dinsdag op de kwestie van conflictresolutie verzamelde. Het is duidelijk dat meer zouden moeten worden gedaan het tempo van de jeugdontwikkeling versnellen.
De bevestigende actie zou de arbeidsmarkt ook moeten richten. De werkloosheidscijfers in Afrika zijn beduidend hoog. Dit is een direct resultaat van zwakke onderwijssystemen, en is een directe oorzaak van armoede, die vele sociaal en gezondheidsproblemen drijft. Wegens deze verbinding tussen werkgelegenheid en onderwijs, moeten de onderwijssystemen worden gestalte gegeven om markteisen en niet alleen onderwijs omwille van geletterdheid en de wiskundige onderlegdheid te ontmoeten.
De mogelijkheden moeten ook aan de jonge mensen worden geboden om vaardigheden te ontwikkelen terwijl op school om hen toe te laten banen krijg zij onmiddellijk school verlaten.
Dit kan worden gedaan door bevestigende actie, betreffende werkgelegenheidsbeleid goed te keuren en uit te voeren.
Het onderwijs moet voor onze jonge mensen toegankelijk worden gemaakt, en de inspanningen om leningen, toelagen en dergelijke te verstrekken moeten worden uitgebreid. Voor zij die hinderen het te weten, kunt u mijn verslag op studentenleningen vinden die in Dagelijkse Grafisch in het laatste kwart van nuttige 2005 worden gepubliceerd. Ik denk na uitgevers het op mijn blog voor uw gemakkelijke toegang.
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
إتحاد [أفريكن] [أفيكن] شباب ميثاق
Automatically translated into Arabic thanks to WorldLingo
ورقة بسعيد [موسه-كهليفا] على الموضوع: قدّم `الإتحاد [أفريكن] وال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق' في قمة ينظّم بالكلّ إفريقيا طالبات إتحاد في [أكّرا] على الموضوع: `ال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق وال [نكرومه] جدول' في سبتمبر - أيلول 19, 2009 في [أكّرا] [إينترنأيشنل كنفرنس سنتر].
الإتحاد [أفريكن] وال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق: إلى ما بعد بنجول; إصدارات في يطبّق ال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق
[مر شيرمن],
رفيقات من الأخويّة الطالبات' حكم,
سيدات وشهام,
أذلّت أنا يتلقّى يكون بالدعوة يمدّد إلى ي ب هذا تنظيم نبيلة أن يسلّم ورقة على ال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق. فوترت أنا كان في البداية أن يسلّم ورقة في شباب قمة في تاريخ متأخّرة في مكان بعيدا من وطني, غانا. واستلم أنا تلقّى فقط اتّصال يحيل ال [بوستبونمنت] من أنّ قمة عندما خاصّتي أتيت طريقي يوم الأربعاء متأخّرة.
بما أنّ المواضيع يكونون بالتّبادل عدد استثنائيّ أنا تلقّيت التحدي من يعدّ هذا في أمر الساعات وأنا ينبغي قلت استهلكت أنا كان بعمق في أنّ. هذا عرض لذلك فقط العمل من زوج الأيام. عادة يعطي أنا [وريت-وبس] ي بعض وقت إلى `ناضجة' بما أنّ بعض من الإصدارات و [ووردينغس] يمكن احتجت تصفية.
في الاتّصال استلم أنا من هذا إتحاد, أنا كان جعلت أن يفهم أنّ أنا كنت سأشارك ال نفسه منصة بما أنّ الوزيرة لشباب ورياضات. لذلك اتّجهت كثير من الإصدارات أنا لمست فوق كان يقصد إستجابات خاصّة من ه.
ظهر تقديم
في يوليو-تمّوز 2006, في ال [7ث] عاديّة [أو] قمة يمسك في بنجول, غامبيا, أيّ في بنفسي كان أمسكت اثنان شهور بعد الجلسة أولى عاديّة من المؤتمر الوزيرات [إين شرج وف] شباب في الإتحاد [أفريكن] ([كمي]), الاجتماع ال [هد وف ستت] وحكومة ال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق وأفاد السنة 2008 كالسنة من ال [أفريكن] شباب ونوفمبر - تشرين الثّاني 1 كلّ سنة ك [أفريكن] شباب يوم. وهذا صحيحة سنة قبل أن العالم نقّحت برنامج العمل لشباب ([وبي]) كان من عشرة (10) مناطق تيميّ إلى خمسة عشر (15) مناطق تيميّ.
ال [أفريكن] شباب أعلمت ميثاق كان أولى من كلّ بالدعوة من دولة عضو للتطوير من ميثاق في قمتهم في جزائر في 1999. قوّيت هذا كان بالخطة استراتيجيّة من العمولة من الإتحاد [أفريكن] (2004-2007), أيّ تلقّى ستّة أهداف أساسيّة [فيز.]: أن يجعل ال [أفريكن] إتحاد عمولة قوّيّة وأكثر مستجيبة; أن يصيغ يشارك رؤية على إفريقيا مستقبل (خصوصا الشباب); أن يروّج ودافعت إفريقيا موقعات في أوامر الفائدة إلى القارّ والناسه; أن يسهم إلى إفريقيا إشعاعية ثقافيّة; أن يحسن دوليّة وتعاون إقليميّة; وأن يروّج مواطني جديدة يرسى على إفريقيا قيم أساسيّة, وعلى أداء مبادرات, وروّجت قوّيّة ويضمن اقتصادات في إفريقيا.
هو مهمّة أن يلاحظ هنا أنّ ال [أفريكن] إتحاد حسنت عمولة يتلقّى مؤخّرا يكون في [أو] اجتماع في [سرت], ليبيا والآن عرفت ك ال [أفريكن] إتحاد سلطة. هو الجسم يحمّل مع التزويد من ال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق.
ربّما كان ال أكثر مهمّة يحدّد عاملة للتطوير من الميثاق الوضع من ال [أفريكن] شباب تقرير 2005 أيّ أبدى أنّ ال `شباب إنتفاخ' في السّكان [أفريكن] استطاع كنت فرصة هامّة لإفريقيا أن يجعل تقدم حقيقيّة. وتطلّب هذا متعمّدة جهد وإستثمار في شباب تطوير عبر القارّ.
نويت هذا عرض أن يركّز ما حاجات أن يكون أتمّت بالدولة عضو (أيضا يدعى [ستت] [برتيس]) أن يضمن أنّ الميثاق [تك ينتو كّوونت] في [نأيشنل دفلوبمنت] تخطيط بما أنّ هو يأثر الناس شابّة, وأن يضمن أنّ هو طبّقت في مستوى وطنيّة من خلال آلية مختلفة وموجودة [نأيشنل دفلوبمنت] هياكل.
الميثاق
ال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق [لغل فرموورك] أساسيّة أن يرشد وساندت سياسات, برامج وأعمال لشباب تطوير وتفويض سلطة عبر إفريقيا. يخاطب الميثاق الحقوق وحريات, [أس ولّ س] الخير, تطوير ومسؤوليات من الشباب.
يرتكب مواد 2 [تو] 9 من الميثاق دولة أحزاب أن يضمن الحقوق من الناس شابّة إلى خاصّة خاصية, يتحرّك بحرّيّة, عبّر عن بنفسي, شريكة بحرّيّة مع أخرى أعضاء من المجتمعة وأن يمارس أيّما دين هم يختارون. هو أبعد يخاطب الإصدارات يرتبط إلى شباب تطوير, شباب مشاركة في [دسسون-مكينغ], [يووث بوليسي] (وثائق), تربية, رعاية صحيّة, فقر تخفيض, وظيفة, أمن, وقت فراغ وإستراحة, بيئة, ثقافة, شباب مع حالة عجز, بنات' إصدارات, شباب في الشتات و [لو نفورسمنت] في مواد 10 [تو] 25.
هو يركّز المسؤوليات من الشباب بخصوص هم خاصّة تطوير وأنّ من مجتمعة في مادة 26.
يعيّن الميثاق شباب بما أنّ أيّ فردة بين الأعمار من 15 و35. بينما هذا يضع أن يستريح الإصدار من تعريف واضحة لشباب على القارّ, يرفع هو أيضا آخر إصدار حرجة جدّا بخصوص شخصيّة حالة نموّ وتطوير. شباب [ترنسأيشن بريود], وشباب وضعت [دفلوبمنت بروغرمّ] [إين بلس] أن يساند الناس شابّة من خلال هذا [ترنسأيشن بريود]. يعطي أنّ [ليف إكسبكتنسي] بشكل ملحوظ منخفضة ل كثير بلاد. مع ال [ليف إكسبكتنسي] حاليّة من 50.5 سنون لالقارّ, ومثل بانخفاض بما أنّ 42 في [سرّا ليون], بعض عجب لما نحن سوفت عيّنت يكون شابّة حتّى العمر من 35? وطرحت الأسئلة تالي: يتمّ `عندما الفردة ينمو فوق?'
`في ما عمر هم بعد ذلك يسهم إلى [نأيشنل دفلوبمنت] جهود?'
`في ما عمر يتمّ هم بعد ذلك يصبحون منتجة ولقطة مسؤولية ل هم خاصّة رفاه? '
مهما, يعطي أنّ عيّنت المسؤوليات من الشباب في الميثاق, هو يزوّد فرصة ل 15 [تو] 35 سنة - [ألد] إلى لقطة مسؤولية ل هم خاصّة تطوير وأنّ من مجتمعاتهم, وبكل أمل يسرع الخطوة لالعمليّة تحرير إجماليّة من القارّ [أفريكن].
[كم ينتو] الميثاق قوة في 8 أغسطس - آب 2009, يتبع الإيصال من ال [15ث] إبرام في 8 يوليو-تمّوز 2009. [تو دت], 16 قد أجاز بلاد الميثاق مع روندا يكون الأولى ونيجيريا يكون ال أكثر أخيرة.
أخرى بلاد أنّ قد أجاز الميثاق: بوركينا فاسو [فس], دجيبوتي,
غابون, غامبيا, [غينا بيسّو], ليبيا, مالي, موريشيوس, موزامبيق, نميبيا, نيجر, جنوب افريقيا, توغو وأوغندا; 32 يقع بلاد يتلقّى أيضا الميثاق. وك مضيفة بلد, غانا مع ذلك [سنتوري], بعد أن يجيز الميثاق.
معلومة يتلقّى هو أنّ يجيز أنغولا وزمبابوي يتلقّى كلا الميثاق. هذا بعد أن يكون اتّصلت إلى ال [أو] عمولة - الجسم مسؤولة ل يطبّق الميثاق ضمن البنى من ال [أو]. ماذا يبقى أن يضع [إين بلس] الموافقة آلية وبنى أن يضمن أنّ طبّقت الميثاق.
حدّد تزويد من الميثاق
في اجتماع من 11 بلاد دليليّة أن يتقدّم ال [بوبولريسأيشن], إبرام
وتزويد من الميثاق يمسك في شهر ماي 2009, [أفريكن] إتحاد دولة عضو شروط مؤكّدة تحت أيّ الميثاق يستطيع كنت طبّقت. هذا يتضمّنون أنّ سوفت كلّ دولة عضو: أجزت الميثاق [بي ث ند وف] السنة 2010; تلقّيت وطنيّة [يووث بوليسي] [إين بلس] و [أكأيشن بلن] أنّ [تك ينتو كّوونت] ويساند التزويد من الميثاق (يطبّق هذا أيضا إلى بلاد الذي [يووث بوليسي] وطنيّة ليسوا وفق الشباب ميثاق); تلقّيت آلية ل يفيد على تقدم يجعل مع التزويد من [يووث بوليسي] وبرامج; وقوّيت أجسامهم شخصيّة تمثيليّة لشباب.
لذلك يزوّد الميثاق الأساس لتنسيق عظيمة بوزارات قطاعيّة مسؤولة لشباب (مثلا وزارات من شباب, وظيفة وتربية بين أخرى), بينما يزوّد الشباب مع أداة لتأييد وطلب لمسؤولية عظيمة من حكومة عمل.
الخطوة أولى نحو التزويد من الميثاق أن يضع [إين بلس] الموافقة
هياكل ومؤسسات أنّ يكون لازمة أن يتقدّم الوضع الشباب في كلّ دولة عضو.
هذا يتضمّنون: المؤسسة من حكومة وزارة أو قسم مسؤولة لشباب شؤون, المؤسسة من وطنيّة شباب ينسّق جسم (مجلس أو اتّحاد فيدراليّ أو جمعية [أس ث كس مي ب]), التطوير من موافقة وطنيّة شباب تطوير هياكل, والتوزيع من [بودجتري رسورس] كافية لشباب تطوير.
[وهيلست] غانا يتلقّى شباب وزارة وشباب مجلس, واحدة يستطيع لا على أحسن وجه قلت حول الوضع من البلد [ويث رسبكت تو] وطنيّة شباب تطوير هيكل. [ويث رسبكت تو] دعم كافية متعلّق بالميزانيّة, هو يمكن كنت لاحظت أنّ رفعت اهتمامات يتلقّى يكون حول الإبدال من شباب تطوير ميزانيات لرياضات. يمكن هذا في بنفسي لا [إينور] إلى ال [ولّ ينترست] من الشباب بما أنّ رياضات [أت بست] يحلّون اثنان من الإصدارات رئيسيّة من شباب تطوير, [ثت يس,] وقت فراغ وإستراحة ل كثير ووظيفة ل بعض.
آخر خطوة أساسيّة في التزويد من الميثاق الحاجة أن يكمّل جهود يجعل من خلال الخلق ال [فوكل بوينت] ضمن الخطّ متنوّعة وزارات يؤثر بالإحتياطات من الميثاق, [إين وردر تو] سهّلت تنسيق عبر قطاعات.
أن يحسن تخطيط, الميثاق سوفت خدمت الأساس أن يحوذ نظامات وطنيّة [دت-كلّكأيشن] أشخاص ضمن ال [أج بركت] من 15 [تو] 35 عبر دولة عضو. وهذا [دتا كلّكأيشن] سوفت كنت عملية جارية.
قد كان هناك بعض يبدو إرباك حول كيف أن يطبّق الميثاق. قد اقترح بعض بلاد أن يطوّر منفصلة تزويد هياكل للميثاق, بينما أخرى قد أشار أنّ الإحتياطات من الميثاق يتلقّى يكون ضمنت داخل [يووث بوليسي] هم شخصيّة وطنيّة. مهما, يدلّ العرض بجنوب افريقيا وطنيّة شباب عمولة في ال يصحّ اتّجاه:
أكثر بشكل ملحوظ, الميثاق ينبغي كنت طبّقت [ويثين ث فرموورك وف] سياسات موجودة في المستوى وطنيّة, خصوصا ال [يووث بوليسي] وطنيّة.
أخرى يتضمّن سياسات أن يكون كيّفت الدستور [أس ولّ س] وطنيّة سياسة هياكل على حقوق الإنسان, صحة, تربية, وظيفة ومختلفة أخرى بما أنّ يبدى بين مواد 2 و25. قد أتمّ غانا إلى حدّ كبير جيّدا [ويث رسبكت تو] بعض من هذا مؤشرات. [فور ينستنس] يقدّم القرار أن يلغي ال [شيفت سستم], ال [كبيتأيشن] منحة والمدرسة يغذّي برنامج في مدارس أساسيّة أكثر حميدة. يمكن البلد لا عادلا جيّدا في ه `[كلبس] رقص' مع ثاني دورة تربية بما أنّ يتلقّى يكون لاحظت ب كثير. وقد علق أنا بشكل واسع على الوضع العمالة في [وريت-وب] أنا أتمّت شهر متأخّرة بمناسبة الدوليّة شباب يوم.
خبيرات يقولون إن التزويد من الميثاق يكون ضمنت داخل أخرى سياسات وطنيّة, بلاد سيتكبّد [ليتّل ور نو] تكاليف [إإكسترا بودجتري]. نويت توزيعات تشريعيّة متعلّق بالميزانيّة في القطاعات مختلفة غالبا أن يزوّد خدمات إلى ال [إنتير بوبولأيشن]. مهما, في يطبّق الإحتياطات من الشباب ميثاق, كلّ قطاعة ينبغي حافظت في عقل الحاجة أن يخلق خدمات خاصّة لالناس شابّة بين الأعمار من 15 و35 ضمن أنّ قطاعة.
[فور ينستنس] صحة خدمات ينبغي [تك ينتو كّوونت] الحاجة ل هذا [أج بركت] أن ينفذ [تيلور-مد] مولدة صحة خدمات.
تطلّبت يضمن أنّ خدمات [تيلور-مد] أنّ التدريبات نظاميّة أنّ يكون استلمت ب [سرفيس برسنّل], أنّ [ترينينغ بروغرمّ] يعنى للملاكة من المؤسسة مناسبة, [تك ينتو كّوونت] تدريب ل هذا إصدارات [يووث-سبسفيك] دون يخلق برامج جديدة.
بخصوص تربية ومهارات تطوير تدريب, استهدفت هم في الدّرجة الأولى في الشباب. مهما, يحتاج أكثر أن يكون أتمّت أن يضمن أنّ المنهج تعليم يلتقي سوق طلبات. وهذا يستطيع كنت أتمّت ضمن ال [بروأد فرموورك] من تربية قطاعة إصلاحات.
واحدة سؤال حرجة أنّ يتلقّى يكون كرّرت عدّة وقت: يكون ال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق الحل إلى إفريقيا شباب تطوير مشاكل? الجوابة كلا نعم ورفض. الجوابة نعم لأنّ [أت ث فري مينيموم] الميثاق يزوّد الأساس لالناس شابّة إلى محامية لحقوقهم وهو سيخدم ك ال يرشد هيكل لشباب تطوير. بشكل واسع, سيخدم الميثاق أيضا ال [منس] أن يرشد [لونغ-ترم بلنّينغ] على شباب تطوير. هو لا ل بعض أسباب وواحدة من هو أنّ واحدة بعد أن يبصر إحتياط من الميثاق أنّ [تلك بووت] معلومة [أند كمّونيكأيشن تشنولوج] ([إيكت]). ومع ذلك هو يبسل ووثيقة جازمة ل يطوّر الشباب إفريقيا
أنت يمكن تذكّرت أنّ أفدت السنون 2009 [تو] 2018 يتلقّى يكون كالعقد على شباب تطوير في إفريقيا سابقا. هو توقّعت أنّ سيساعد هذا كثير دولة عضو أن يفكّر [لونغ-ترم] في هم شباب تطوير تخطيط. يتلقّى كثير دولة عضو وطنيّة تخطيط آفاق يثبت الى حدّ بعيد بعيد [إين ث فوتثر]. مثلا, يتلقّى بوتسوانا خاصّتي يجسر [أوب تو] 2016, نيجيريا, روندا وملاوي كلّ يتلقّى هو يثبت [أوب-تو] 2020, و [أوب تو] 2030 لزامبيا. لذلك سيساعد الميثاق هذا بلاد أن يضمن شباب إصدارات ضمن هم طويل الأجل [نأيشنل دفلوبمنت] هياكل.
طوّرت [بلن وف كأيشن] للسنون 2009 [تو] 2018 أيضا يكون ب ال [أو] عمولة, أيّ يكون واقعيّا التزويد و [مونيتور] جسم ل ال [أفريكن] شباب ميثاق ضمن البنى من ال [أو], ك [منس] أن يتقدّم التزويد من الشباب ميثاق على العقد تالية. سيزوّد هذا بشكل ملحوظ إرشاد بعيد إلى العمل الدولة عضو.
ال [أفريكن] شباب يضمن ميثاق المشاركة من الناس شابّة في مجلس نواب. هذا يرتكب دولة عضو أن يضمن [ا نومبر وف] مقاعد لشباب يستعمل [قووتا سستم]. هذا سابقا عمليّاتيّة في بعض بلاد. وهنا أوغندا وروندا مثل جيّدة.
[أفّيرمتيف كأيشن] ينبغي كنت طبّقت في مستوى وطنيّة بخصوص شباب مشاركة, وهذا ينبغي كنت أتمّت في يشيّد طريق, كجزء [نأيشنل دفلوبمنت بوليسي]. بدرجة متزايدة, يأخذ الناس شابّة قيادة على هم خاصّة عبارات ويقود التغير عمليات في بلادهم. هم سوفت كنت أعطيت فرصة أن يساهم.
في غانا يذكر نحن يتلقّى فقط وطنيّة شباب مجلس نواب, لا ساويت ال [قووتا سستم], وهو بعد أن يستلم أيّ إنتباه [ففووربل] بما أنّ نحن تلقّينا مجلس نواب كاذب في فبراير - شباط 2007. أعلمت أنا يتلقّى فقط يكون أنّ المجلس نواب غانا جمع بعض طالبات من مؤسسات في [أكّرا] يوم الثلاثاء متأخّرة على الإصدار من نزاع قرار. هو واضحة أنّ أكثر ينبغي أن يكون أتمّت أن يسرع الخطوة من شباب تطوير.
[أفّيرمتيف كأيشن] سوفت أيضا استهدفت السوق الشّغل. معدّل البطالة في إفريقيا بشكل ملحوظ عال. هذا نتيجة مباشرة من [إدوكأيشن سستم] ضعيفة, وسبب مباشرة فقر, أيّ يقود كثير اجتماعيّة و [هلث بروبلم]. بسبب هذا توصيل بين وظيفة وتربية, [إدوكأيشن سستم] ينبغي كنت شكّلت أن يلتقي سوق طلبات ولا تربية صحيحة [فور ث سك وف] معرفة و [نومرسي].
فرص ينبغي أيضا كنت زوّدت إلى الالناس شابّة أن يطوّر مهارات بينما في مدرسة [إين وردر تو] مكّنتهم حصلت أشغال فورا هم يتركون مدرسة.
هذا يستطيع كنت أتمّت ب يتبنّى ويطبّق [أفّيرمتيف كأيشن], بخصوص [إمبلومنت بوليسي].
تربية ينبغي كنت جعلت يتيسّر إلى الناسنا شابّة, وجهود أن يزوّد قروض, منح و [ث.ليك] ينبغي كنت مدّدت. ل أنّ الذي ازعج أن يعرف, أنت يمكن وجدت [وريت-وب] ي على [ستثدنت لوأن] ينشر في الرسم بيانيّ يوميّة في ال [لت قورتر] من 2005 مفيدة. أنا أعتبر ينشر هو على [بلوغ] ي ل ك [إسي كّسّ].
In order to bring the provisions of the African Youth Charter to fruition, youth groups must start to organize advocacy campaigns on specific issues in the Charter. They must also start to organise around the governance processes to get themselves and their peers into public policy making spaces.
However, it is important for youth to also demonstrate (provide models) how the implementation of the Youth Charter is possible through the work of their organisations by undertaking education initiatives, participating in community volunteer teaching initiatives, getting involved in volunteer health care and environmental programmes and advocacy campaigns.
The 26th article of the African Youth Charter points clearly in the direction of the role of youth in such activities.
Conclusion
Finally the African Youth Charter is a practical step towards the full empowerment and development of Africa’s youth, who constitute around 20 percent of the continent’s population. While the diverse efforts to ensure that the Charter is implemented are being undertaken, it is important for all stakeholders to clearly appreciate the essence of investing in youth, not just as a burden to society, but as a resource for development.
Only when the youth are well served that the future of any nation can be fully guaranteed.
Mr. Chairman, permit me at this point to share some few thoughts with the delegates.
I take note that you are student leaders in your various countries and institutions. I wish to share with you some five qualities you will not need in today’s world.
You would not need boot camp values: The old values of unquestioning submission to authority are counter productive in this era.
Deniability: Leaders need to close the trust gap. When things go wrong, leaders accept responsibility rather than shift the blame.
The Golden Rule: Not the one that says “Do unto others as you want others to do unto you”, they say that is the silver rule and it is good. But you would not need the one that says, “He who has the gold makes the rules”. High allowances and expensive perks and per diem do not make the leader. Leaders show their abilities not their privileges.
Self-centeredness: In the stressful, fast changing education and leadership environment, leaders give others a chance to shine.
An iron fist: Reign by terror does not cut anymore. “Leaders do not inflict pain: they bear pain”.
Now, bearing in mind that parts of this presentation calls for change either in system or style. Let us focus on some steps to effective change. First you need to create dissatisfaction with status quo. In Nigeria where you have a youth development policy show that you want it implemented. In Uganda and Rwanda where you have the quota system being implemented call for impact assessment. In Ghana where you are not aware whether there is a youth policy or not push and demand for answers.
Then debate possible futures; open minds to new options and mobilise commitments. Ask the ‘what ifs’ and the ‘how abouts’. What if we commit ourselves to an educational system that will not be varied in the next decade or more? How about developing a human face policy to handle juvenile delinquency? And so on.
Next, act to learn, to discover what actually works in real world and foster consensus building.
And finally review, reflect and revise your strategies; monitor and adjust your ongoing efforts and your future plans of engagement.
A word of caution however; these may not be readily welcome by some of your constituents. They may raise legitimate issues of concern and some of them could be any of the following: It won’t work; we are already doing it; it has been tried before; it is not practical; it would not solve the problem; it is too risky; it is based on pure theory; it will cost too much; it will antagonise other stakeholders (management, union, students, lecturers, government); it will create more problems than it solves.
In all of these you will have to let reason prevail.
Mr. Chairman, I have been advocating for non-violent means of resolving differences. And even when you choose non-violence, I advocate for non-adversarial methods or non-litigious means for resolving differences. I am hopeful that you will give this your considered attention.
This summit is on the African Youth Charter and the Nkrumah Agenda. I take note that by now you have had several memorable quotations from Dr Kwame Nkrumah already. I intend to defy this. Rather, I wish to quote from one of Nkrumah’s contemporaries who admitted that he was greatly inspired and motivated by Nkrumah.
That is Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere who said “decades ago, as President of my country, I told Tanzanians that the choice before them was to change or be changed. I was wrong. There was no choice. They had to change and would still be changed.”
Thank you,
God bless the youth of Africa
God bless young people in the world
God bless our future
Thank you
And God bless you.
Saeed Musah-Khaleepha
19 September 2009
rafani@email.com
+233(0)208121764
http://samuleepha.bolgspot.com
http://imediate.bolgspot.com
http://raafani.bolgspot.com
NOTE: References are available on request.
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